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- Pharmacology For Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Ephedrine
Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Ephedrine Pharmacology
Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Ephedrine
About Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AMechanism of Action of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/APharmacokinets of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AOnset of Action for Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/ADuration of Action for Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AHalf Life of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/ASide Effects of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AContra-indications of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AInteractions for Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/ATypical Dosage for Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/ASchedule of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AStorage Requirements for Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AEffects of Overdose of Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + EphedrineN/AEthyl Morphine
About Ethyl MorphineOpioids , Antitussive ,Analgesic.Mechanism of Action of Ethyl MorphineEthylmorphine exerts it`s action through opioid receptors and posses antitussive properties. It directly acts on cough centre and suppresses cough. It also posses analgesic action due to it`s agonistic action on opioid receptorsPharmacokinets of Ethyl MorphineAbsorption: Well absorbed orally.Metabolism: It is converted in to Morphine and norethylmorphine in the body.Onset of Action for Ethyl MorphineN/ADuration of Action for Ethyl MorphineN/AHalf Life of Ethyl MorphineN/ASide Effects of Ethyl Morphine1. Constipation
2. Nausea
3. Vomiting
4. Drymouth
5. Respiratory depression
6. Hypotension
7. Bradycardia
8. Dizziness
9. Sedation
10. Euphoria
11. Urine retention
12. Flushing
13. Pruritus
14. Diaphoresis
15. Physical dependence
16. Hepatic impairment
17. Renal impairment
18. Thrombocytopenia
19. Change in libido
20. Miosis
21. Altered glucose tolerance
Contra-indications of Ethyl Morphine1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Respiratory insufficiency
3. Cough accompanied by expectorations
4. Paralytic ileus
5. Head injury
Special Precautions while taking Ethyl Morphine1. Renal impairment
2. Hepatic impairment
3. Increased CSF pressure
4. Hypothyroidism
5. COPD
6. In deliberate individuals
7. Prostatic hypertrophy
8. Epilepsy
9. The duration of the treatment should be as small as possible
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with caution
Below 8 years: Contraindicated
Indications for Ethyl Morphine1. As antitussiveInteractions for Ethyl MorphineN/ATypical Dosage for Ethyl MorphineOral:
Adults: 10 to 15mg 3 to 4 times daily up to 50mg/day.
Maximum dose: 100mg/day
Children (age 8 to 14): 15 to 30mg daily as equally divided doses.Maximum dose:5mg/10kg/day.
Schedule of Ethyl MorphineN/AStorage Requirements for Ethyl MorphineStore at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C.Effects of Missed Dosage of Ethyl MorphineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Ethyl MorphineEstablish adequate respiratory exchange via a patent airway and ventilation as needed. Administer opioid antagonist Naloxone to reverse respiratory depression; use repeatedly as required. (Naloxone shouldn`t be administered unless patient has clinically significant respiratory or cardiovascular depression.). If patient shows signs and symptoms within 2 hours of ingestion empty the stomach by gastric lavage and induced emesis. Reduce absorption by administration of activated charcoal. Closely monitor vital parameters and correct fluid and electrolyte balance. Provide symptomatic and supportive treatment.
Noscapine
About NoscapineA benzylisoquinoline alkaloid(opium alkaloid), Antitussive, mild analgesic.
Mechanism of Action of NoscapineIt acts as antitussive by selectively suppressing cough without narcotic, analgesic, or dependence inducing properties.
Pharmacokinets of NoscapineAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed in the body and appears in the breast milk.
Onset of Action for NoscapineN/ADuration of Action for NoscapineN/AHalf Life of NoscapineN/ASide Effects of Noscapine1. Headache
2. Drowsiness
3. Nausea
4. Bronchoconstriction
5. Rashes.
Contra-indications of Noscapine1. Intolerance to Noscapine
2. Bronchial asthma
3. Along with alcohol or CNS depressants.
Special Precautions while taking NoscapineN/APregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Noscapine1.Spasmodic cough
2.Irritant dry cough
3.Bronchitis
4.Tracheitis
5.Viral infections of the upper respiratory tract
6.Pertussis (Whooping cough)
Interactions for NoscapineN/ATypical Dosage for NoscapineOral:
(5ml syrup contains 15mg Noscapine)
Adults: 15 to 30mg up to 4 times daily.
Children (6 to 12years): 7.5 to 15mg up to 4 times daily.
Children (2 to 6years): 3.75 to 7.5 mg up to 4 times daily.
Schedule of NoscapineN/AStorage Requirements for NoscapineStore in a cool dry area and protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of NoscapineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of NoscapineProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Chlorpheniramine Maleate
About Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AMechanism of Action of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/APharmacokinets of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AOnset of Action for Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/ADuration of Action for Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AHalf Life of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/ASide Effects of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AContra-indications of Chlorpheniramine MaleateFirst Generation alkylamine H1 Antagonist, Antihistamine.Special Precautions while taking Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AInteractions for Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/ATypical Dosage for Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/ASchedule of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AStorage Requirements for Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AEffects of Overdose of Chlorpheniramine MaleateN/AEphedrine
About EphedrineAlpha/Beta Adrenergic Agonist , Sympathomimetic amine, Stimulant, vasopressor(parenteral), bronchodilator.Mechanism of Action of EphedrineEphedrine is a mixed acting sympathomimetic drug which mainly acting indirectly but also has some direct action on alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. It causes release of nor-epinephrine from it`s storage sites and stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. It relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors and thus causes increased vital capacity, relief of mild bronchospasm, improved air exchange and decreased residual volume. Ephedrine produces cardiac stimulation with increased systolic and diastolic pressure when nor-epinephrine stores aren`t depleted. It produces positive inotropic effects with low doses through action on beta-1 receptors in heart. It causes vasodilatation through beta-2 receptors and vasoconstriction through alpha adrenergic receptors. Presser effects results from vasoconstriction, cardiac stimulation, and increased cardiac output. It produces nasal decongestant action by stimulating alpha receptors in blood vessels of nasal mucosa and causing vasoconstriction and nasal decongestion.Pharmacokinets of EphedrineAbsorption: Well absorbed after Oral, S.C., or I.M. administration.
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the body
Metabolism: Slowly metabolized in liver by oxidative deamination, demethylation, aromatic hydroxylation and conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine as unchanged drug.
Onset of Action for EphedrineOral: 15 to 60 minutes
I.V.: 5minutes
I.M., S.C.: 10 to 20 minutes
Duration of Action for EphedrineOral: 3 to 5 hours
I.V.: 60 minutes
I.M.: S.C.: 30 to 60 minutes
Half Life of EphedrineN/ASide Effects of Ephedrine1. Arrhythmias
2. Palpitations
3. Tachycardia
4. Hypertension
5. Precordial pain
6. Insomnia
7. Nervousness
8. Headahe
9. Dizziness
10. Confusion
11. Euphoria
12. Delirium
13. Mucosal irritation
14. Dry nose and throat
15. Nausea
16. Vomiting
17. Anorexia
18. Urine retention
19. Painful urination
20. Muscle weakness
21. Diaphoresis.
Contra-indications of Ephedrine1. Hypersensitivity to the drug or other sympathomimetics
2. Severe coronary artery disease
3. Porphyria
4. Arrhythmias
5. Angina pectoris
6. Susstatial organic heart disease
7. Cardiovascular diseases
8. Angle closure glaucoma
9. Psychoneurosis
10. In those taking MAO inhibitors
Special Precautions while taking Ephedrine1. Hypertension
2. Hyperthyroidism
3. Nervous or excitable states
4. Diabetes
5. Prostatic hyperplasia
6. Diabetes
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Ephedrine1. As nasal decongestant
2. As bronchodilator
3. Acute severe bronchospasm
4. Hypotension
5. Enuresis
Interactions for EphedrineN/ATypical Dosage for EphedrineOral:
Adults:
As bronchodilator or nasal decongestant:12.5 to 50mg at every 3 to 4 hours; as required. Do not exceed 150mg in 24 hours.
Orthostatic hypotension: 25mg 1 to 4 times daily as required.
Children:
Above 12 years:12.5 to 50mg at every 3 to 4 hours; as required. Do not exceed 150mg in 24 hours.
Age 6 to 12: 6.25 to 12.5mg every four hours. Do not exceed 75mg in 24 hours.
Children over 2 years: 2 to 3mg/kg/day in 4 to 6 divided doses.
Orthostatic hypotension: 3mg/kg/day divided in to 4 to 6 doses.
Enuresis: 25 to 50mg at bed time.
Nasal spray:
As nasal decongestant:
Adults and children over 12 years: 2 to 3 sprays to each nostril; not more than every four hours.
Children (age 6 to 12): 1 to 2 sprays to each nostril; not more than every four hours.
I.M., S.C., or I.V.:
Acute severe bronchospasm: 12.5 to 25mg I.M., S.C., or I.V.
Hypotension:
Adults: 25 to 50mg S.C. or I.M., or 10 to 25mg as slow I.V. bolus. A second I.M. dose of 50mg or I.V. dose of 25mg is administered if required. Repeat I.V. doses in 5 to 10minutes if required.
Maximum dose: 150mg/day.
Children: 3mg/kg/day S.C. or I.V. divided in to 4 to 6 doses
Schedule of EphedrineN/AStorage Requirements for EphedrineStore at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. in a well closed container. Protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of EphedrineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of EphedrineProvide supportive treatment and symptomatic measures. If patient is conscious induce emesis and reduce absorption by administration of activated charcoal. Perform gastric lavage if required. Maintain airway and blood pressure and closely monitor vital signs. Do not administer vasopressors. Beta blockers such as propranolol are used to treat arrhythmias. Use cardio selective beta blockers in asthmatic patients. Treat hypertension with Phentolamine, Seizures with paraldehyde or Diazepam, Pyrexia with seizures.
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