Vitamin K Pharmacology

Vitamin K

About Vitamin K
Fat soluble vitamin, Antihemorrhagic.
Mechanism of Action of Vitamin K
Phytonadione (Vitamin K1) is a synthetic form of vitamin K and is lipid soluble. Vitamin K acts as a cofactor in the synthesis of coagulation proteins; prothrombin, factors VII, IX, and X by liver. Vitamin K dependent changes in the final stage of synthesis of these coagulation proteins is gama-carboxylation of glutamate residues of these zymogen proteins and their descarboxy-forms converted in to active forms; which confers on them the capacity to bind Ca2+ and to get bound to the phospholipid surfaces which are essential properties for participation in the coagulation cascade.
Pharmacokinets of Vitamin K
Absorption: Absorbed orally with the help of bile salts and also administered parenterally.
Distribution: Concentrates in liver in a very short time.
Metabolism: Rapidly metabolized by liver.
Excretion: Excreted through faeces.
Onset of Action for Vitamin K
Oral: 3 to 12hours
I.V., I.M., S.C.: 1 to 2 hours
Duration of Action for Vitamin K
N/A
Half Life of Vitamin K
N/A
Side Effects of Vitamin K
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Headache
4. Dizziness
5. Convulsive movements
6. Hypotension
7. Arrhythmias
8. Rapid and weak pulse
9. Diaphoresis
10. Flushing
11. Erythema
12. Urticaria
13. Pruritus
14. Rash
15. Bronchospasm
16. Dyspnea
17. Anaphylactic reactions
18. Kernicterus

Contra-indications of Vitamin K
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
Special Precautions while taking Vitamin K
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Indications for Vitamin K
1. Hypoprothrombinemia due to Vitamin K malabsorption or drug therapy or inadequate bile secretion
2. Hypoprothrombinemia due to Vitamin K malabsorption or drug therapy or excess vitamin A
3. Hypoprothrombinemia due to oral anticoagulants
4. Hypoprothrombinemia due to vitamin K deficiency due to long term parenteral nutrition
5. Hemorrhagic disease in neonates
6. Uterine bleeding
7. Metrorrhagia
8. Post partum bleeding
9. Haemoptysis
10. Epistaxis
11. Haematemesis
12. Obstructive jaundice
Interactions for Vitamin K
Anticoagulants: It may be necessary to increase the anticoagulant dose.
Mineral oil: May decrease Gl absorption of vitamin K.
Typical Dosage for Vitamin K
Hypoprothrombinemia due to Vitamin K malabsorption or drug therapy or inadequate bile secretion: 5 to 10mg/day orally. Adjust the dosage based on patient`s response.
Hypoprothrombinemia due to Vitamin K malabsorption or drug therapy or excess vitamin A: 2 to 25mg orally or parenterally. Increases the dosage up to 50mg if required.
Children: 5 to 10mg
Infants: 2mg
Hypoprothrombinemia due to oral anticoagulants:2.5 to 10mg orally, subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Repeated if required.
For emergency management: 10 to 50mg as slow I.V; rate not more than 1mg/minute. Repeated four times daily or three times daily if required.
Hypoprothrombinemia due to vitamin K deficiency due to long term parenteral nutrition: 5 to 10mg; intramuscularly weekly.
Children: 2 to 5mg
Hemorrhagic disease in neonates: 500mcg to 1000mcg S.C. or I.M. immediately after birth. Repeated in two to three weeks if needed.

Schedule of Vitamin K
N/A
Storage Requirements for Vitamin K
Store at room temperature away from excess heat and moisture. Protect from light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin K
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Vitamin K
Treatment is supportive and symptomatic

Home Delivery for Vitamin K in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including vitamin k.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for vitamin k and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for vitamin k may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take vitamin k only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for vitamin k before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for vitamin k with the pharmacy.

Vitamin K is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for vitamin k might be better known than vitamin k itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have vitamin k in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for vitamin k.