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- Pharmacology For Cetirizine + Phenylpropanolamine
Cetirizine + Phenylpropanolamine Pharmacology
Cetirizine + Phenylpropanolamine
About Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AMechanism of Action of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/APharmacokinets of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AOnset of Action for Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/ADuration of Action for Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AHalf Life of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/ASide Effects of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AContra-indications of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/APregnancy Related InformationContraindicated; since Cetrizine and Phenylpropanolamine are contraindicated in pregnancy; the combination generic are contraindicated in pregnancy.Old Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicated; since Cetrizine is contraindicated in breast feeding; the combination generic is contraindicated in breast feeding mother.Children Related InformationN/AIndications for Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineIt is a combination of Non sedative antihistamine with Decongestant action, Cetrizine and decongestant Phenylpropanolamine.
1.Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis
2.Decongestant
3.Vasomotor rhinitis
4.Common cold
5.Sinusitis
Interactions for Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/ATypical Dosage for Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineAdult: 1 tablet / daySchedule of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AStorage Requirements for Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/AEffects of Overdose of Cetirizine + PhenylpropanolamineN/ACetirizine
About CetirizineSecond Generation H1 Antagonist, Metabolite of hydroxyzine, Antihistamine.Mechanism of Action of CetirizineThis drug is a selective peripheral H1 receptor antagonist. Thus it inhibits the allergic symptoms produced by histamines like cold, rhinorrhea, sneezing, urticaria etc. The drug has some mast cell stabilizing properties. It also inhibit eotaxin-induced eosinophil TEM through both dermal and lung micro vascular endothelial cells. So inhibit eosinophil chemotaxis and also inflammation caused by it.Pharmacokinets of CetirizineAbsorption- Well absorbed after oral administration
Distribution-Widely distributed in the body. 93% bound to the plasma proteins. It enters to the CNS in small amounts.
Metabolism-Metabolized in the liver to its metabolites by oxidative O-dealkylation
Excretion- Excreted through urine (50% as unchanged form) and a small amount through feces
Onset of Action for Cetirizine10-30 minDuration of Action for Cetirizine12-24hrsHalf Life of CetirizineIts plasma half life is 8.3 hrsSide Effects of Cetirizine1. Somnolence.
2. Fatigue
3. Malaise
4. Headache
5. Dry mouth
6. CNS stimulation in children
7. Dizziness
8. Tinnitus
9. Incordination
10. Blurred vision
12. Diplopia
13. Euphoria
14. Nervousness
15. Drowsiness
16. Excessive tiredness
17. Vomiting
18. Diarrhea
19. Sore throat
20. Stomach pain
Contra-indications of CetirizineHypersensitivity to the drug or hydroxyzine.Special Precautions while taking Cetirizine1. Renal impairment.
2. Hepatic dysfunction.
3. Haemodialysis.
4. Any work which require mental alertness like driving or machine operation.
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Cetirizine1. Sneezing
2. Rhinorrhoea
3. Postnasal discharge.
4. Common coughs
5. Colds.
6. Chronic urticaria
7. Dermatitis
8. Pruritic skin disorders
9. Hay fever
10. Angioedema
Interactions for CetirizineAlcohol: Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.Typical Dosage for CetirizineOral-
Adult - 10 mg daily, single dose
Children (6-12 years) -5 mg daily.
Schedule of CetirizineN/AStorage Requirements for CetirizineStore in cool, dry, dark placeEffects of Missed Dosage of CetirizineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of CetirizineGive symptomatic and supportive treatment.Phenylpropanolamine
About PhenylpropanolamineAlfa-and Beta-adrenergic agonist, Phenethylamine derivative, a stimulant, decongestant,anorectic.Mechanism of Action of PhenylpropanolamineIt is a mixed acting sympathomimetic amine with predominant alpha adrenergic agonistic action. It exerts nasal decongestant action by acting through alpha adrenergic receptors in the respiratory tract mucosa; and produces vasoconstriction. It temporarily reduces the swelling associated with inflammation of nasal mucosa.
Phenylpropanolamine also suppresses the appetite control center in the hypothalamus
Pharmacokinets of PhenylpropanolamineAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Metabolism: Metabolized in to an active metabolite in liver, Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine.Onset of Action for Phenylpropanolamine15 to 30 minutesDuration of Action for Phenylpropanolamine3 hoursHalf Life of PhenylpropanolamineN/ASide Effects of Phenylpropanolamine1. Hypertension
2. Stroke
3. Arrhythmias
4. Renal failure
5. Rhabdomyolysis
6. Psychotic disturbances
7. Hallucinations
8. SeizuresContra-indications of Phenylpropanolamine1. Hypersensitivity to Phenylpropanolamine or other sympathomimetics
2. Coronary artery disease
3. Hypertension
4. Arteriosclerosis
5. Depression
6. Angle-closure glaucoma
7. Diabetes
8. Renal impairment
9. Hyperthyroidism
10. During or within 14 days of use of MAO inhibitors
11. Use as an anorexiant for children less than 12 years of age
12. Sustained-release forms during lactation and in children less than 12 years of age
Special Precautions while taking Phenylpropanolamine1. Cardiovascular disorders
2. Mild Hypertension
3. Prostatic hypertrophy
4. Psychosis or other psychiatric disorders (Phenylpropanolamine may precipitate psychiatric disorders)
5. Not drinking large amounts of caffeine-containing beverages, such as coffee, tea, or colas
6. Do not engage in driving, using machines, or doing anything else that requires mental alertness while taking medication
7. Inform the physician if cold symptoms do not improve within 7 days or if fever is present
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Phenylpropanolamine1. Nasal congestion
Interactions for PhenylpropanolamineN/ATypical Dosage for PhenylpropanolamineOral:
Adults:
As decongestant: 25mg every four hours or 50mg every 8 hours daily. Not to exceed 150mg/day
Anorexiant: 25mg thrice daily; 30minutes before meals.
Extended release tablets or capsules:As decongestant: 75mg twice daily
Anorexiant: 75mg once daily in the morning.
As decongestant:
Children (6 to 12 years): 12.5mg up to every four hours. Not to exceed 75mg/day
Children (2 to 6years): 6.25mg up to every four hours. Not to exceed 37.5mg/day
Schedule of PhenylpropanolamineHStorage Requirements for PhenylpropanolamineStore at controlled room temperature at range of 15 to 30 degree C.; in a well closed container. Protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of PhenylpropanolamineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of PhenylpropanolamineProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Remove drug from the body by induced emesis or gastric lavage. Barbiturate sedatives are sometimes used to control excessive CNS stimulation. Monitor Cardiovascular and respiratory functions. Administer intravenous fluids to control hypotension. Correct hypertension with Intravenous phentolamine or nitrates. Perform forced diuresis by acidification of urine.
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