Milrinone Pharmacology

Milrinone

About Milrinone

A phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, Bipyridine derivative, Inotropic/vasodilator agent.

Mechanism of Action of Milrinone

Milrinone exerts its pharmacological action by selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase-3. This isoenzyme is specific for intracellular degradation of cyclic AMP in heart, blood vessels, and bronchial smooth muscles. Thus the drug increases myocardial cyclic AMP and transmembrane influx of Ca2+. It is a positive inotropic drug and also causes direct vasodilatation. It increases cardiac out put and reduces after load. It increases cardiac index, left ventricular ejection fraction, and decreases peripheral vascular resistance, central venous pressure, left ventricular end diastolic volume and pressure.

Pharmacokinets of Milrinone

Absorption: It is administered intravenously. Distribution: About 70% is distributed in a protein bound form. Metabolism: About 12% is metabolized in to glucuronide metabolite. Excretion: About 90% is excreted through urine as unchanged drug.

Onset of Action for Milrinone

5 to 15 minutes

Duration of Action for Milrinone

3 to 6 hours

Half Life of Milrinone

N/A

Side Effects of Milrinone

1.Headache
2.Ventricular arrhythmia
3.Ventricular tachycardia
4.Ventricular fibrillation
5.Hypotension
6.Angina
7.Tremor
8.Hypo kalaemia

Contra-indications of Milrinone

1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Acute myocardial infarction
3.Severe aortic valvular diseases
4.Severe pulmonary valvular diseases

Special Precautions while taking Milrinone

1.Hypotension
2.Atrial fibrillation
3.Atrial flutter
4.Aortic or Pulmonary valvular diseases
5.Renal impairment
6.Hypertrophic sub aortic stenosis
7.Monitor cardio vascular functioning, heart rate and BP
8.Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution.

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Contraindicated

Indications for Milrinone

1.Short term management of heart failure
2.Cardiac life support in whom other drugs can not be used

Interactions for Milrinone

N/A

Typical Dosage for Milrinone

Starts with a loading dose of 50mcg/kg I.V. over 30 minutes. Then give maintenance dosage of 0.375 to 0.75mcg/kg/minute as continuous infusion. Adjust infusion dose based on patient`s response.

Schedule of Milrinone

Storage Requirements for Milrinone

Store at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. and avoid freezing.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Milrinone

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Milrinone

Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Treat hypotension with vasopressors like nor epinephrine. Monitor and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.

Home Delivery for Milrinone in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including milrinone.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for milrinone and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for milrinone may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take milrinone only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for milrinone before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for milrinone with the pharmacy.

Milrinone is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for milrinone might be better known than milrinone itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have milrinone in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for milrinone.