Sotalol Pharmacology

Sotalol

About Sotalol
Beta (Nonselective) adneregic blocking agent, a potassium channel blocker, Anti-hypertensive,Class III anti-arrhythmic.
Mechanism of Action of Sotalol
Sotalol is a non selective beta receptor antagonist. It has negative chronotropic effect on heart. It decreases oxygen consumption; cardiac work and aortic pressure. It increases oxygen supply and exercise tolerance in angina patients. It prolongs duration of monophasic action potentials in atria and ventricles &. Prolongs effective refractory period of AV node, His purkinje system and all cardiac tissues and AV conduction is delayed. It has class 3 antiarrhythmic action of prolonging repolarisation by blocking cardiac K+ channels. It increases ventricular fibrillation threshold in myocardium The drug decreases BP in hypertensive individuals. Initially total peripheral resistance increases due to blockade of beta mediated vasodilatation and decrease in cardiac output; so little change in BP. But when treatment is continued due to adaptation of resistance vessels to decreased cardiac output total peripheral resistance decreases and systolic and diastolic BP falls.
Pharmacokinets of Sotalol
Absorption: well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed ,but poorly crosses BBB. Metabolism: Not metabolized in the body. Excretion: Excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Sotalol
1-2 hour.
Duration of Action for Sotalol
Upto 24 hours.
Half Life of Sotalol
7 to18 hours
Side Effects of Sotalol
1.Congestive heart failure is precipitated or aggravated
2.Sleep problems
3.Decreases exercise capacity
4.Worsens chronic obstructive lung diseases
5.Gastrointestinal problems
6.Nausea
7.Tiredness
8.Bradycardia
9.Rash
10.Prolonged QT interval
11.Altered peripheral circulation
12.Hypotension
13.Allergic manifestations
14.Headache
15.Dizziness

Contra-indications of Sotalol
1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Second or third degree heart block
3.Cardiogenic shock
4.Bradycardia
5.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
6.Patient`s with long QT intervals
7.Right ventricular hypertrophy
8.Sick sinus syndrome
9.Alcoholism
10.General anesthesia
11.Renal impairment
12.Upper respiratory infections
13.Heart failure
14.Diabetic ketoacidosis

Special Precautions while taking Sotalol
1. Peripheral arterial diseases
2. Congestive heart failure
3. Renal impairment
4. Hepatic impairment
5. Diabetes mellitus
6. Hypokalemia
7. Phaeochromocytoma
8. Anaesthesia
9. Electrolyte imbalance
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
Indications for Sotalol
1. Hypertension
2. Arrhythmias
3. Angina
4. Thyrotoxicosis

Interactions for Sotalol
Antiarrhythmics such as Disopyramide, Quinidine and Procainamide: Prolong refractoriness.
Digoxin: Proarrhythmic events were frequent.
Calcium blocking drugs: Additive effects on atrioventricular conduction, hypotension-hence should be used with caution.
Reserpine, Guanethidine: Hypotension, marked bradycardia which may produce syncope.
Insulin and other antidiabetics: Hyperglycaemia may occur. Symptoms of hypoglycaemia may be masked.
Clonidine: Caution advised when discontinuing clonidine since it may lead to rebound hypertension.
Salbutamol, Isoprenaline & Terbutaline: Efficacy of these drugs decreased.
TCAs, Terfenadine, Astemizole, Phenothiazines: Caution should be observed since these drugs also prolong QT intervals.
Typical Dosage for Sotalol
80to 160mg/day, increased if required to 320mg/day in arrhythmia & hypertension as single or divided doses. In case of angina dose may be increased up to 360mg/day.
Maximum daily dose: 640mg

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Schedule of Sotalol
H
Storage Requirements for Sotalol
Store at room temperature in a well closed container
Effects of Missed Dosage of Sotalol
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Sotalol
Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Discontinue the drug and perform haemodialysis. Observes QT interval. Treat Bradycardia with atropine or other anticholinergic drugs & beta adrenergic agonists. Treat heart block with transvenous cardiac pacing. Treat hypotension with vasopressors like epinephrine. Treat cardiac failure with diuretics and cardiac glycosides. Treat bronchospasm with aminophylline. Administer magnesium sulphate, epinephrine, or transvenous cardiac pacing to treat torsades de pointes

Home Delivery for Sotalol in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including sotalol.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for sotalol and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for sotalol may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take sotalol only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for sotalol before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for sotalol with the pharmacy.

Sotalol is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for sotalol might be better known than sotalol itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have sotalol in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for sotalol.