Pralidoxime Pharmacology

Pralidoxime

About Pralidoxime
Oxime derivative, a cholinesterase reactivator, Organophophate (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) antidote.
Mechanism of Action of Pralidoxime
Pralidoxime is a Cholinesterase reactivator. Organophosphorous compounds produces phosphorylation of the esteratic site of acetyl cholinesterase enzyme and irreversibly inhibits its enzyme activity. Pralidoxime combine with the phosphoryl groups of these phosphorylated esteratic site and forming soluble complexes. This results in setting free the esteratic site and a reactivation of acetyl cholinesterase enzyme.
Pharmacokinets of Pralidoxime
Absorption: Pralidoxime is rapidly absorbed after parenteral administration.
Distribution: It is distributed mainly to extracellular water in free form.
Metabolism: It undergoes metabolism in the liver.
Excretion: Drug is excreted mainly in the urine.

Onset of Action for Pralidoxime
10 - 15 minutes
Duration of Action for Pralidoxime
1-3 hours
Half Life of Pralidoxime
70 - 80 minutes
Side Effects of Pralidoxime
1.Dizziness
2.Headache
3.Blurred vision
4.Diplopia
5.Tachycardia
6.Nausea
7.Drowsiness
8.Mild weakness
9. Neuromuscular blockade (in high dose)
Contra-indications of Pralidoxime
1.Hypersensitivity to Pralidoxime,
2.Carbamate poisoning
3.Overdose with Neostigmine or Physostigmine
Special Precautions while taking Pralidoxime
1.Myasthenia gravis
2.Renal dysfunction
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
NEONATES: Contraindicated
Indications for Pralidoxime
1. Organophosphorous poisoning
2. Antidote to cholinesterase inhibitors
Interactions for Pralidoxime
Barbiturates: Use with caution in treatment of convulsions because barbiturates are potentiated by anticholinesterases.
Morphine, Theophilline, Aminophylline, Succinylcholine, Reserpine and Phenothiazines: Avoid in patients with organophosphorus poisoning.
Typical Dosage for Pralidoxime
Parenteral:
Adult:
Organophosphorous poisoning:
Pralidoxime should be given only after Atropine injection (2-4 mg as IV).Pralidoxime 1-2 g in 100ml saline solution as IV infusion over 15 - 30 minutes or as IV injection in 5% water within 5 minutes. The dose may be repeated after 1 hour if needed and if muscle weakness continues then give the dose every 8 - 12 hours. Maximum total dose: 12 g in 24 hours.
Organic phosphorus chemical ("nerve gas") poisoning:
Adults: 600 mg as IM and dose may be repeated 15minutes after the first dose and if needed again 15minutes after the second dose.
Children:
Organophosphorous poisoning: 25 - 50 mg / kg body weight as IV injection. The dose may be repeated after 1 hour if needed and if muscle weakness again continues then give every 8 - 12 hours.
Schedule of Pralidoxime
N/A
Storage Requirements for Pralidoxime
Store at room temperature (15-25 degree C). Protect from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of children
Effects of Missed Dosage of Pralidoxime
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Pralidoxime
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Home Delivery for Pralidoxime in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including pralidoxime.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for pralidoxime and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for pralidoxime may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take pralidoxime only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for pralidoxime before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for pralidoxime with the pharmacy.

Pralidoxime is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for pralidoxime might be better known than pralidoxime itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have pralidoxime in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for pralidoxime.