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- Pharmacology For Lopinavir + Ritonavir
Lopinavir + Ritonavir Pharmacology
Lopinavir + Ritonavir
About Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AMechanism of Action of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/APharmacokinets of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AOnset of Action for Lopinavir + RitonavirN/ADuration of Action for Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AHalf Life of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/ASide Effects of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AContra-indications of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Lopinavir + RitonavirN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AInteractions for Lopinavir + RitonavirN/ATypical Dosage for Lopinavir + RitonavirN/ASchedule of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AStorage Requirements for Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/AEffects of Overdose of Lopinavir + RitonavirN/ALopinavir
About LopinavirProtease Inhibitor, Antiretroviral.Mechanism of Action of LopinavirLopinavir is a peptide analogue. It reversibly binds to the catalytic site of HIV encoded aspartyl protease enzyme which is involved in the degradation of poly protein into structural protein and subsequent maturation of virus particle. Binding of Lopinavir to the enzyme results in immature noninfectious viral progenyPharmacokinets of LopinavirAbsorption: It is orally absorbed
Distribution: It is distributed mainly in protein bound form
Metabolism: It undergoes metabolism in the liver.
Excretion: Drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly in faeces.
Onset of Action for LopinavirN/ADuration of Action for LopinavirN/AHalf Life of Lopinavir5 to 6 hoursSide Effects of Lopinavir1.Diarrhoea
2.Nausea
3.Abdominal pain
4.Asthenia
5.Headache
6.Vomiting
7.Stomach pain
8.Unusual bleeding
9.Extreme tiredness
10.Loss of appetite
11.Flu-like symptoms
12.Thirst
13.Dry mouth
14.Tiredness
15.Flushing
16.Dry skin
17.Frequent urination
Contra-indications of LopinavirHypersensitivity to LopinavirSpecial Precautions while taking Lopinavir1.Hepatic impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Cardiac impairment
4.Diabetes Mellitus
5.Hemophilia
6.Pancreatitis
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Lopinavir1. HIV infectionInteractions for LopinavirN/ATypical Dosage for LopinavirAdult: 800mg/ day in 2 divided dosesSchedule of LopinavirN/AStorage Requirements for LopinavirStore at room temperature. Keep away from heat, light and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of LopinavirTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of LopinavirGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Ritonavir
About RitonavirHIV Protease Inhibitor, Thiazole derivative, Antiretroviral.Mechanism of Action of RitonavirRitonavir is a peptide analogue. It reversibly binds to the catalytic site of HIV encoded aspartyl protease enzyme which is involved in the degradation of poly protein into structural protein and subsequent maturation of virus particle. Binding of Ritonavir to the enzyme results in immature noninfectious viral progenyPharmacokinets of RitonavirAbsorption: It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is distributed as protein bound form. Metabolism: It undergoes metabolism in the liver. Excretion: It is excreted primarily through faeces and small amount through urineOnset of Action for RitonavirN/ADuration of Action for RitonavirN/AHalf Life of Ritonavir3- 5 hoursSide Effects of Ritonavir1. Diarrhoea
2. Anorexia
3. Nausea
4. Vomiting
5. Abdominal pain
6. Paresthesia
7. Rash
8. Dizziness
9. Headache
10.Thrombocytopenia
11. Taste disturbances
Contra-indications of Ritonavir1. Hypersensitivity to RitonavirSpecial Precautions while taking Ritonavir1. Hepatic dysfunction
2. Diabetes mellitus
3. Haemophilia
4. Patient with high cholesterol and triglycerides level
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with caution
Below 12: contraindicatedIndications for RitonavirHIV infectionInteractions for RitonavirAnalgesics: Plasma concentration of dextroprop-oxyphene, pethidine and piroxicam increased (risk of toxicity-avoid concomitant use); plasma concentrations of other opioid analgesics (except methadone) and other NSAIDs possibly increased; plasma concentration of methadone reduced.
Anti-arrhythmics: Increased plasma concentration of amiodarone, flecainide, propafenone and quinidine (increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias-avoid concomitant use); possibly increased risk of arrhythmias with disopyramide and mexiletine.
Antibacterials: Plasma concentration of rifabutin increased by ritonavir (risk of uveitis-avoid concomitant use); plasma concentration of clarithromycin and possibly other macrolides increased.
Anticoagulants: Plasma concentration of warfarin and other anticoagulants possibly increased by ritonavir.
Antidepressants: Plasma concentration of SSRIs and tricyclics possibly increased; plasma concentration reduced by St John s wort (avoid concomitant use).
Antidiabetics: Plasma concentration of tolbutamide possibly increased.
Antiepileptics: Plasma concentration of carbamazepine possibly increased
Antifungals: Plasma concentration of ketoconazole and possibly other imidazoles and triazoles increased.
Antihistaminics: Increased risk of arrhythmias with terfenadine - avoid concomitant use
Antipsychotics: Increased plasma concentration of pimozide (risk of ventricular arrhythmias); increased plasma concentration of clozapine.
Other antivirals: Combination with nelflnavir may lead to increased plasma concentration of either drug; ritonavir increases plasma concentration of indinavir and saquinavir; increased risk of toxicity with efavirenz (monitor liver function tests).
Anxiolytics and Hypnotics: Plasma concentration of alprazolam, clorazepate, diazepam, flurazepam, midazolam and zolpidem increased.
Ergotamine and Ergometrine: Risk of ergotism-avoid concomitant use.
5HT1 Agonists: Plasma concentration of eletriptan increased (avoid concomitant use).
Lipid-regulating Drugs: Increased risk of myopathy with simvastatin.
Oestrogens and Progestogens: metabolism accelerated by ritonavir (contraceptive effect of combined oral contraceptives reduced)
Theophylline: Metabolism accelerated by ritonavir (reduced plasma-theophylline concentration).Typical Dosage for RitonavirAdult 1.2 g / day in 2 divided dose; given with other antiretroviral agents Schedule of RitonavirHStorage Requirements for RitonavirKeep at 2 - 8 degree C for long term storage. If the drug is used with in 1 month then it can be store at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect away from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of RitonavirTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to take the next dose then skip the missed dose.Effects of Overdose of RitonavirGive supportive measures and treatment. Induce emesis or gastric lavage has to be done followed by charcoal administration.Home Delivery for Lopinavir + Ritonavir in Your City
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However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for lopinavir + ritonavir and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for lopinavir + ritonavir may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.
Please be aware that you should take lopinavir + ritonavir only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for lopinavir + ritonavir before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for lopinavir + ritonavir with the pharmacy.
Lopinavir + Ritonavir is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for lopinavir + ritonavir might be better known than lopinavir + ritonavir itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have lopinavir + ritonavir in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for lopinavir + ritonavir.