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- Pharmacology For Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Homatropine
Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Homatropine Pharmacology
Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Homatropine
About Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AMechanism of Action of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/APharmacokinets of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AOnset of Action for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/ADuration of Action for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AHalf Life of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/ASide Effects of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AContra-indications of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AInteractions for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/ATypical Dosage for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/ASchedule of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AStorage Requirements for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/AEffects of Overdose of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + HomatropineN/ATinidazole
About TinidazoleNitroimidazole antibiotic, Antibacterial, antiprotozoal.Mechanism of Action of TinidazoleTinidazole is nitro imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity against Protozoa and some anaerobic bacteria. Its selective toxicity to anaerobic microbes involves 1. Drug enters the cell by diffusion, 2. Nitro group of drug is reduced by redox proteins present only in anaerobic organisms to reactive nitro radical which excerts cytotoxic action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules. 3. .DNA helix destabilization &strand breakage has been observed.Pharmacokinets of TinidazoleAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed,
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by oxidation &glucuronide conjugation, Excretion: Excreted in urine.
Onset of Action for TinidazoleWithin few hoursDuration of Action for Tinidazole16 hoursHalf Life of Tinidazole12 hoursSide Effects of Tinidazole1.Anorexia
2.Bitter taste
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Diarrhoea
6.Fatigue
7.Dry mouth
8.Abdominal distress
9.Headache
10.Dizziness
11.Vertigo
12.Rash
13.Urticaria
14.Angioedema
15.Peripheral neuropathy & CNS effects,
Contra-indications of Tinidazole1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Blood dyscrasias
3.CNS disorders
Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole1.Hepatic impairment
2.Alcoholic cirrhosis
3.Obstructive liver diseases
4. Use cautiously along with other hepatotoxic drugs & In visual field changes
5. Avoid alcohol use during therapy
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution, but contra indicated in first trimesterOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Tinidazole1.Amoebiasis
2.Giardiasis
3.Trichomonas vaginitis
4.Anaerobic bacterial infections
5.Prophylactic agent after colorectal surgery
6.H. pylori infections
Interactions for TinidazoleAlcohol: Disulfiram like reaction.
Ampicillin, Doxycycline and Cotrimoxaole: Synergism with these agents.Typical Dosage for TinidazoleAmoebiasis:
Adults: 2gm once daily for 3 days
Children: 30 to 50mg/kg/day or 600mg 12hourly for 5 to 10 days
Trichomoniasis & Giardiasis:
600mg once daily for a week or 2gm single dose
Anaerobic bacterial infections:
2 gm followed by 500mg 12 hourly for 5 days
Prophylaxis after colorectal surgery:
2gm single dose before surgery
H. pylori infections:
0.5gm 12hourly for 7 to14 days in triple combination
Schedule of TinidazoleHStorage Requirements for TinidazoleStore at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. Protect from excess heat and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of TinidazoleTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of TinidazoleTreatment is supportive & symptomatic. Drug is removed by induced emesis, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal &use of cathartics. For controlling seizures diazepam & phenytoin may be used Diloxanide Furoate
About Diloxanide FuroateDichloroacetamide derivative, anti-protozoal, Luminal amebicides.Mechanism of Action of Diloxanide FuroateDiloxanide Furoate is a dicloroacetamide derivative which acts as a luminal amoebicide. It exerts its action by directly killing the trophozoites responsible for production of cysts.Pharmacokinets of Diloxanide FuroateAbsorption: Orally well absorbed.
Metabolism: It is metabolized by glucuronide conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Diloxanide FuroateN/ADuration of Action for Diloxanide FuroateN/AHalf Life of Diloxanide FuroateN/ASide Effects of Diloxanide Furoate1. Flatulence
2. Nausea
3. Itching
4. Urticaria rashes
Contra-indications of Diloxanide FuroateN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Diloxanide Furoate1. Hepatic impairmentPregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with caution
Below 2 years : ContraindicatedIndications for Diloxanide Furoate1. Mild intestinal Amoebiasis,
2. Asymptomatic cyst passers of Entamoeba histolitica
Interactions for Diloxanide FuroateNo known interaction.Typical Dosage for Diloxanide FuroateAdults: 0.5gm 8hourly for 5 to 10days.
Children (above 2years): 20mg/kg/day in divided doses up to 10days.
Schedule of Diloxanide FuroateHStorage Requirements for Diloxanide FuroateStore in a cool dry place.Protect from heat and light.Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of Diloxanide FuroateTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Diloxanide FuroateGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Dimethyl polysiloxane
About Dimethyl polysiloxaneA silicone derivative,Anti-foaming agent, Antiflatulent.Mechanism of Action of Dimethyl polysiloxaneDimethyl polysiloxane is a silicone derivative which is used in symptomatic treatment of postprandial and postoperative flatulence and abdominal distension.It acts as defoaming agent and eliminates gases from GI tract.It is used in combination with antacids,antispasmodics and digestants.Pharmacokinets of Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/AOnset of Action for Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/ADuration of Action for Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/AHalf Life of Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/ASide Effects of Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/AContra-indications of Dimethyl polysiloxaneHypersensitivity to Dimethyl PolysiloxaneSpecial Precautions while taking Dimethyl polysiloxaneKidney failurePregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Dimethyl polysiloxane1. Flatulent dyspepsia
2. Postoperative distension
3. Gastric Distention
4. Functional digestive disorders
5. Stomach pain
6. Burning
7. Nausea and excess gas (dyspepsia)
Interactions for Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/ATypical Dosage for Dimethyl polysiloxane40 mg tablet to be taken half an hour before food.
Schedule of Dimethyl polysiloxaneN/AStorage Requirements for Dimethyl polysiloxaneStored at room temperature (15-30?C) away from moisture and heat.Effects of Missed Dosage of Dimethyl polysiloxaneTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Dimethyl polysiloxaneGive symptomatic and supportive treatment.Homatropine
About HomatropineOphthalmic Anticholinergic alkaloid (Muscarinic antagonist), Mydriatic, cycloplegic.Mechanism of Action of HomatropineHomatropine is a muscarinic receptor blocker. It nonselectively inhibits the muscarinic actions of Acetylcholine. Homatropine blocks the muscarinic receptors in the muscles of the eye which are involved in controlling the pupil size and the shape of the lens. It blocks the cholinergic nerves supplying the smooth muscles of iris and produces Mydriasis. It also causes paralysis of ciliary muscle and produces a tightening of the suspensory ligament and results in flattening of the lens and a consequent increase in focal length. Because of paralysis of muscle cannot constrict the pupils for viewing near object or prevents the eye from accommodating for near vision (Cycloplegia). It has less potent antimuscarinic action and short duration of action as compared to Atropine.
Homatropine is given as eye drops to dilate the pupil and relax the lens so that eye examinations can be carried out thoroughly. It is often used to aid eye examinations in young children.
Pharmacokinets of HomatropineAbsorption: Homatropine is readily absorbed after ophthalmic use.Onset of Action for HomatropineRapidDuration of Action for Homatropine1 - 3 daysHalf Life of HomatropineN/ASide Effects of Homatropine1.Photophobia
2.Irritation
3.Contact dermatitis
4.Blurring of near vision
5.Mydriasis
6.Palpitation
7.Inflammation of the lining of the eye
8.Pain
9.Lacrimation (hyperemia)Contra-indications of Homatropine1.Hypersensitivity to Homatropine and other belladonna alkaloids
2.Narrow angle glaucomaSpecial Precautions while taking Homatropine1.Avoid use of soft contact lens
2.Use caution while driving vehicle or operating machine
3.Raised intraocular pressure
4.Stop the use of medicament if any allergic reactions occur
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Homatropine1.Dilating the pupil to aid examination of the eye
2.Cycloplegic for use in uveitis and during refraction
Interactions for HomatropineN/ATypical Dosage for HomatropineHomatropine 2% and 5% eye drop is available.
Eye drop: 1 - 2 drop in each eye.
Cycloplegic refraction:
Instill 1 - 2 drop of 2% solution in the eye and repeat if needed in 5 - 10 minutes
Instill 1 drop of 5% solution in the eye and repeat if needed in 5 - 10 minutes
Uveitis: Instill 1 - 2 drop of 2% or 5% solution in the eye and repeat every 3 - 4 hours
Children:
Uveitis: Instill 1 drop of 2% solution in the eye and every 8 - 12 hours
Schedule of HomatropineN/AStorage Requirements for HomatropineStore in a cool dry place in a tightly closed container. Protect from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of children. Discard the drug 1 month after opening.Effects of Missed Dosage of HomatropineInstill the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of HomatropineA topical ocular overdose of an ophthalmic product containing Homatropine may be flushed from the eye with warm tap water.
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