Amikacin Pharmacology

Amikacin

About Amikacin
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic.
Mechanism of Action of Amikacin
Amikacin exerts its bactericidal action against gram- negative organisms & some of gram positive organisms by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. The process involves 1. Penetration of bacterial cell membrane & binding directly to the bacterial ribosome, 2. Misleading of m-RNA codon by bacterial ribosome, 3. Formation of peptide chains with wrong amino acid sequence which gets incorporated into bacterial cell membrane and alters it`s permeability, 4. Bacterial cell lysis. It has broadest spectrum of activity among amino glycosides.
Pharmacokinets of Amikacin
Absorption: Poorly absorbed orally, Distribution: Distributed extracellularly. CSF penetration & intraocular penetration poor. Metabolism:
Not metabolized, Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine.
Onset of Action for Amikacin
Within mins.
Duration of Action for Amikacin
8 to 12 hours
Half Life of Amikacin
2 to 3 hours
Side Effects of Amikacin
1.Cochlear damage & hearing loss(ototoxicity)
2.Nephrotoxicity
3.Neuro muscular disorders
Contra-indications of Amikacin
1.Hypersensitivity to the drug or other amino glycosides
2.Never use along with other nephrotoxic drugs
Special Precautions while taking Amikacin
1.Renal impairment
2.Neuromuscular disorders
3. Auditory disorders
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated.
Children Related Information
Use with caution.
Indications for Amikacin
1.Infections caused by sensitive organisms like pseudomonas aeruginosa klebsiella, proteous etc.
2.Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
3.Urinary Tract Infections
Interactions for Amikacin
Amphotericin B, Cisplatin, Cephalosporin, Vancomycin, Methoxyflurane, Frusemide, Bumetanide: Increased nephrotoxicity.
Anaesthetics, Neuromuscular blocking agents (Tubocurarine): Risk of neuromuscular blockade and respiratory paralysis.
Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin: Exert antibiotic synergism, especially useful in Pseudomonas infections.
Loop diuretics: Concurrent use of these agents may increase the risk of respiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction.
Lab Tests: Aminoglycoside serum levels: Guard against in-vitro inactivation of aminoglycosides by b-lactum antibiotics in patients on combination therapy.
Typical Dosage for Amikacin
Adults & Children: 15mg/kg/day in 1 to 3 doses; given intravenously or Intramuscularly
Adults: 4 to 20 mg intrathecally as single dose.
Tuberculosis: 15mg/kg/day 5 times weekly
Urinary Tract Infections: 7.5 mg/kg/day
Neonates: 10mg/kg intramuscularly or intravenously followed by 7.5 mg/kg twice Daily.

Schedule of Amikacin
H
Storage Requirements for Amikacin
Store in a cool dry place and protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Amikacin
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Amikacin
An overdose results in Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular disorders & hypersensitivity manifestations. Treatment includes removal of drug by dialysis, &drug treatment with neostigmine, Ca, & Prednisolone.

Home Delivery for Amikacin in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including amikacin.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for amikacin and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for amikacin may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take amikacin only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for amikacin before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for amikacin with the pharmacy.

Amikacin is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for amikacin might be better known than amikacin itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have amikacin in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for amikacin.