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- Pharmacology For Ampicillin + Cloxacillin
Ampicillin + Cloxacillin Pharmacology
Ampicillin + Cloxacillin
About Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AMechanism of Action of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/APharmacokinets of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AOnset of Action for Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/ADuration of Action for Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AHalf Life of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/ASide Effects of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AContra-indications of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/APregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Ampicillin + CloxacillinAmpicillin has a narrow spectrum of activity and is mainly active againstGram positive bacilli, both gram positive and Gram negative cocci and spirochaetes. Cloxacillin has a similar spectrum of activity to Penicillin and it is also active against penicillinase producing organisms such as staphylococcus aureus.
1.Respiratory tract infection
2.Urinary tract infection
3.Bone and joint infection
4.Skin infection
5.Soft tissue infection
Interactions for Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/ATypical Dosage for Ampicillin + CloxacillinAdult: 250 - 500mg every 6 hours for 7 - 10 days.Schedule of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AStorage Requirements for Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AEffects of Overdose of Ampicillin + CloxacillinN/AAmpicillin
About AmpicillinSemisynthetic Broad spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, Aminobenzylpenicillin AntibioticMechanism of Action of AmpicillinAmpicillin is a bactericidal drug. It is a Beta lactum antibiotic. It binds to the Penicillin binding protein in the cell wall of bacteria and inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase which is responsible for the transpeptidation reaction in peptidoglycan synthesis. It also activates the endogenous enzyme which degrades the peptidoglycan.These results in inhibition of protein synthesis and there by cell wall synthesis. Ampicillin is active against both gram positive and gram negative organism.Pharmacokinets of AmpicillinAbsorption .It is readily but incompletely absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is very widely distributed in the body .Metabolism: It does not undergo metabolism. Excretion: It is excreted mainly through bile and small amount excreted through urine and breast milk.Onset of Action for Ampicillin30 minutesDuration of Action for Ampicillin6 - 8 hoursHalf Life of Ampicillin90 minutesSide Effects of Ampicillin1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Diarrhoea
4.Anaphylaxis
5.Rash
6.Urticaria
7.Thrombocytopenia
8.Nephritis
9.Seizure.
Contra-indications of Ampicillin1.Hypersensitivity to PenicillinSpecial Precautions while taking Ampicillin1.Mononucleosis
2.Lymphatic leukaemia
3.HIV infections
4.Renal impairment
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Ampicillin1.Urinary tract infections
2.Gonorrhoea
3. Meningitis
4.SABE
5. Respiratory tract infections
6.Septicemia
7.Soft tissue infections
8.Otitis media
9.Sinusitis
10.Tetanus
11.Biliary tract nfections
12.Bronchitis
13.Salmonellosis
14.Typhoid
15.Gastroenteritis
16.Cholecystitis
17.Paratyphoid fever
Interactions for AmpicillinOral contraceptives: Efficacy reduced, may cause breakthrough bleeding or pregnancy.
Allopurinol: Increases risk of ampicillin induced skin rash.
Beta blockers: Oral penicillin like ampicillin may reduce bio-availability of atenolol. Also they may potentiate anaphylatic reactions with penicillin.
Probenecid: Increases blood levels.
Erythromycin, Tetracycline: Reduce efficacy.
Clavulinic Acid: Synergy.
Food: Interferes with absorption.Typical Dosage for AmpicillinADULT
Bacterial infections: 250 - 500 mg four times a day depending on the severity of infection
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever: 1 - 2 g four times daily
CHILDREN
Bacterial infections: 125 - 250 mg four times a day depending on the severity of infection
.Schedule of AmpicillinHStorage Requirements for AmpicillinStore the drug at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of AmpicillinTake the missed dose as soon as noticed. If it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose and continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of AmpicillinGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal.Cloxacillin
About CloxacillinIt is a Penicillinase resistant Penicillin, Penicillin derived antibiotic.Mechanism of Action of CloxacillinCloxacillin is a bactericidal drug. It binds to the Penicillin binding protein in the cell wall of bacteria and inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase which is responsible for the transpeptidation reaction in peptidoglycan synthesis. It also activates the endogenous enzyme which degrades the peptidoglycan.These results in inhibition of protein synthesis and there by cell wall synthesis. In addition to this it is not degraded by penicillinase enzyme and therefore it can be useful against penicillinase producing bacteria also.Pharmacokinets of CloxacillinAbsorption .It is readily absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is very widely distributed in the body .Metabolism: It does not undergo metabolism. Excretion: It is excreted mainly through urine and small amount excreted through breast milk.Onset of Action for Cloxacillin30-60 minutesDuration of Action for CloxacillinAbout 6 hoursHalf Life of Cloxacillin30 minutesSide Effects of Cloxacillin1.Anaphylaxis
2.Rash
3.Urticaria
4.Thrombocytopenia
5.Seizure
Contra-indications of CloxacillinHypersensitive to Cloxacillin or other Penicillins.Special Precautions while taking Cloxacillin1.Heart failure
2.Uremia
3.Hypokalemia
4 Bleeding tendencies
5.Meningitis
6.Renal impairment
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Cloxacillin1.Urinary tract infections
2.Respiratory tract infections
3.Septicaemia
4.Osteomyelitis
5.Endocarditis
6.Pneumonia
7.Sinusitis
8.Bronchiectasis
Interactions for CloxacillinOral contraceptives: Efficacy reduced, may cause breakthrough bleeding or pregnancy.
Atenolol: Bio-availability of atenolol reduced.
Allopurinol: Increases risk of cloxacillin induced skin rash.
Probenecid: Increases blood levels.
Erythromycin & Tetracyclines: Reduce efficacy.
Clavulanic Acid: Synergy.
Food: Interferes with absorptionTypical Dosage for CloxacillinADULT
1 - 2 g daily in four divided dose depending on the severity of infection
CHILDREN
50 - 100 mg/kg/day in four divided dose depending on the severity of infection
Schedule of CloxacillinHStorage Requirements for CloxacillinThe vial should be stored in room temperature away from heat and moisture. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of CloxacillinTake the dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to the next dose then skip the missed doseEffects of Overdose of CloxacillinGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Absorption of drug can be reduced by gastric lavage or induction of emesisHome Delivery for Ampicillin + Cloxacillin in Your City
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However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for ampicillin + cloxacillin and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for ampicillin + cloxacillin may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.
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Ampicillin + Cloxacillin is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for ampicillin + cloxacillin might be better known than ampicillin + cloxacillin itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have ampicillin + cloxacillin in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for ampicillin + cloxacillin.