Bupivacaine + Dextrose Pharmacology

Bupivacaine + Dextrose

About Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Mechanism of Action of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Pharmacokinets of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Onset of Action for Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Duration of Action for Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Half Life of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Side Effects of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Contra-indications of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Special Precautions while taking Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Pregnancy Related Information

N/A

Old Age Related Information

N/A

Breast Feeding Related Information

N/A

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Interactions for Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Typical Dosage for Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Schedule of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Storage Requirements for Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Effects of Missed Dosage of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Effects of Overdose of Bupivacaine + Dextrose

N/A

Bupivacaine

About Bupivacaine

Amino amide group local Anesthetic

Mechanism of Action of Bupivacaine

It blocks the generation and conduction of nerve impulses by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse, and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential. In general, the progression of anesthesia is related to the diameter, myelination and conduction velocity of affected nerve fibers. It causes the loss of function in the order as follows i.e. pain, temperature, touch, propioception and skeletal muscle tone. The analgesic effects of Bupivacaine are thought to be due to its binding to the prostaglandin E2 receptors, subtype EP1 (PGE2EP1), which inhibits the production of prostaglandins, thereby reducing fever, inflammation, and hyperalgesia

Pharmacokinets of Bupivacaine

Absorption - The rate of systemic absorption of local anesthetics is dependent upon the total dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine(A dilute concentration of epinephrine (1:200,000 or 5 [micro ]g/mL) usually reduces the rate of absorption and peak plasma concentration of bupivacaine, permitting the use of moderately larger total doses and sometimes prolonging the duration of action) in the anesthetic solution
Distribution - Its distribution depending upon the route of administration, local anesthetics are distributed to some extent to all body tissues, with high concentrations found in highly perfused organs such as the liver, lungs, heart, and brain. 95% bound to the plasma proteins. Crosses the placental barrier
Metabolism - Metabolized in the liver via conjugation with glucuronic acid. The major metabolite of bupivacaine is 2, 6-pipecoloxylidine
Excretion - Excreted through urine

Onset of Action for Bupivacaine

N/A

Duration of Action for Bupivacaine

N/A

Half Life of Bupivacaine

3.5 hours (adults)
8.1 hours (neonates)

Side Effects of Bupivacaine

1. Cardiac arrest.
2. Cardiac arrhythmias.
3. Respiratory failure.
4. Bradycardia.
5. Hypotension.
6. Arrhythmias.
7. Methemoglobinaemia.
8. Seizures.
9. Restlessness.
10.Dizziness.
11.Hypersensitivity.
12.Prolonged block

Contra-indications of Bupivacaine

1. Hypersensitivity to the drug.
2. Digital block.
3. I.V. regional anaesthesia.
4. Para cervical block in obstetrics.
5. Spinal anaesthesia

Special Precautions while taking Bupivacaine

1. Heart block.
2. Hepatic dysfunction.
3. Shock.
4. Heart disease.
5. Debilitated patients.

Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution.

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution.

Children Related Information

Use with caution.

Indications for Bupivacaine

1. Infiltration anaesthesia.
2. Epidural anaesthesia.
3. Spinal anaesthesia.
4. Nerve block.

Interactions for Bupivacaine

Cimetidine & Ranitidine: Clearance of Bupivacaine decreased.
Lignocaine & Mepivacaine: Efficacy potentiated by bupivacaine.

Typical Dosage for Bupivacaine

Dose varies with procedure, depth of anesthesia, vascularity of tissues, duration of anesthesia, and condition of patient
Adult-
Caudal block:
INJ 15-30ml of 0.25% or 0.5%
Epidural block:
INJ 10-20ml of 0.25% or 0.5%
Peripheral nerve block:
INJ 5ml of 0.25% or 0.5% (12.5-25mg)
2.5 mg/kg or 400mg daily
Sympathetic nerve block:
INJ 20-50ml of 0.25%
Child:
Caudal block:
INJ 1-3.7 mg/kg
Epidural block:
INJ 1.25 mg/kg/dose

Schedule of Bupivacaine

Storage Requirements for Bupivacaine

Solutions should be stored at controlled room temperature 15-30?C (59-86?F)

Effects of Missed Dosage of Bupivacaine

The doctor should be informed immediately if a dose is missed

Effects of Overdose of Bupivacaine

Give symptomatic and supportive treatment. There is evidence that Intralipid, a commonly available intravenous lipid emulsion, can be effective in treating severe cardiotoxicity.

Dextrose

About Dextrose

Dextrorotatory form of monosaccharide(((glucose))), In hypoglycemia and as a sweetner.

Mechanism of Action of Dextrose

Dextrose is used as an intravenous (((IV))) solution used to supply water and calories to the body. It is also used as diluent for other IV medications.

Pharmacokinets of Dextrose

Absorption:It is well absorbed parenterally.

Onset of Action for Dextrose

N/A

Duration of Action for Dextrose

N/A

Half Life of Dextrose

N/A

Side Effects of Dextrose

1.Redness or pain at the injection site
2.Fever

Contra-indications of Dextrose

1.Hypersensitivity to the drug

Special Precautions while taking Dextrose

1.Diabetes
2.Congestive heart failure
3.Kidney problems
4.Hypokalemia
5.Edema

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Dextrose

1.Supply water and calory to the body

Interactions for Dextrose

N/A

Typical Dosage for Dextrose

As directed by the physician

Schedule of Dextrose

N/A

Storage Requirements for Dextrose

Store at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Dextrose

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Dextrose

Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Home Delivery for Bupivacaine + Dextrose in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including bupivacaine + dextrose.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for bupivacaine + dextrose and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for bupivacaine + dextrose may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take bupivacaine + dextrose only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for bupivacaine + dextrose before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for bupivacaine + dextrose with the pharmacy.

Bupivacaine + Dextrose is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for bupivacaine + dextrose might be better known than bupivacaine + dextrose itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have bupivacaine + dextrose in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for bupivacaine + dextrose.