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- Pharmacology For Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3
Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3 Pharmacology
Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3
About Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AMechanism of Action of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/APharmacokinets of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AOnset of Action for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/ADuration of Action for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AHalf Life of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/ASide Effects of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AContra-indications of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/ASpecial Precautions while taking Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/APregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D31.Osteoporosis
2.Paget?s disease
Interactions for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/ATypical Dosage for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D31 tab once weeklySchedule of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AStorage Requirements for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AEffects of Overdose of Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3N/AAlendronate Sodium
About Alendronate SodiumBisphosphonate Derivative, Bone resorption inhibitor.
Mechanism of Action of Alendronate SodiumIt preferentially localized to the sites of action and inhibits prenylation of GTP-binding proteins involved in cytoskeletal organization, membrane ruffling and vesicle movement. This results by osteoclasts inactivation, impaired vesicle fusion and enhanced apoptosis (bone resorption inhibition).Pharmacokinets of Alendronate SodiumAbsorption- Poorly absorbed after oral administration
Distribution- Widely distributed into soft tissues and then redistributed into bone.78% bound to the plasma proteins
Metabolism- Doesn`t metabolized
Excretion- Excreted through urine as unchanged form
Onset of Action for Alendronate SodiumN/ADuration of Action for Alendronate SodiumN/AHalf Life of Alendronate SodiumN/ASide Effects of Alendronate Sodium1. Nausea.
2. Dyspepsia.
3. Abdominal cramps.
4. Flatulence.
5. Diarrhea.
6. Gastric and Duodenal ulceration.
7. Osteonecrosis
8. Skin rash.
9. Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
10. Epidermal necrolysis.
11. Uveitis.
12. Scleritis.
Contra-indications of Alendronate Sodium1. Hypersensitivity to the drug.
2. Dysphasia.
3. Symptomatic esophageal diseases.
4. Frequent heartburn.
5. Gastritis.
6. Gastro esophageal reflux disease
7. Hiatal hernia.
8. Ulcers.
9. Renal function.
10. Duodenitis.
Special Precautions while taking Alendronate Sodium1. Digestion problems.
2. Esophagus problems.
3. Intestine problems.
4. Stomach problems.
5. Kidney problems
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicated.Children Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Alendronate Sodium1. Osteoporosis
2. Paget`s disease
Interactions for Alendronate SodiumAsprin: Risks of upper GI adverse effects increased.
Calcium supplements antacids: Interfere with absorption of alendronate.
Typical Dosage for Alendronate SodiumAdult
Oral-
For osteoporosis:10-30mg daily
For corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: 5 - 10 mg daily
Paget`s disease of bone: 40mg daily for 6 months
All doses are taken with water at least 30 minutes before first food, beverage, or medication of the day
Schedule of Alendronate SodiumHStorage Requirements for Alendronate SodiumStore at controlled room temperature. Keep away from light and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of Alendronate SodiumTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Alendronate SodiumGive symptomatic and supportive treatment. Administer antacids or milk to prevent the adverse effectsVitamin D3
About Vitamin D3N/AMechanism of Action of Vitamin D3Vitamin D3 is a form of vitamin D. It is also called as Cholecalciferol.7-Dehydrocholesterol is the precursor of vitamin D3 and only forms the vitamin after being exposed to UV radiation.After exposure to the sun, cholecalciferol is sent to the liver to be hydroxylated where it becomes 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3.Next, it is sent to the kidney and once again hydroxylated becoming 1,25-Hydroxyvitamin D3. 1,25-Hydroxyvitmain D3 is the active form of vitamin D3, for this reason vitamin D is often referred to as a prohormone.Vitamin D exerts it`s action by influencing calcium homoeostasis. It increases the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. It binds to the cytoplasmic Vitamin D receptor and translocates to the nucleus and thus increases the synthesis of specific m RNA and regulates protein synthesis. It increases the synthesis of a carrier protein for calcium called "calbindin" or calcium binding protein. Activation of Vitamin D receptor enhances endocytotic capture of calcium and it`s transport across duodenal mucosal cells in a vesicular form. Vitamin D promotes resorption of calcium and phosphate from bone by enhancing recruitment and differentiation of osteoclast precursors in the bone remodeling units. It helps in bone mineralization.Pharmacokinets of Vitamin D3Absorption: Well absorbed orally in the presence of bile salts, Malabsorption and steatorrhoea interfere with it`s absorption.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form. It is stored in adipose tissue and liver.
Metabolism: It is hydroxylated in to both active and inactive metabolites and also metabolized in kidney.
Excretion: Metabolites are excreted mainly through bile.
Onset of Action for Vitamin D3N/ADuration of Action for Vitamin D3N/AHalf Life of Vitamin D3N/ASide Effects of Vitamin D31. Hypercalcaemia
2. Fatigue
3. Weakness
4. Diarrhoea
5. Vomiting
6. Sluggishness
7. Albuminuria
8. Polyuria
9. Calcification of soft tissues (blood vessels, parenchymal organs including heart)
10. Arrhythmias
11. Renal stones
12. Growh retardation in children
13. Hypertension
14. Anorexia
15. Nausea
16. Constipation
17. Elevated liver enzymes
Contra-indications of Vitamin D31. Hypercalcaemia
2. Hypervitaminosis D
3. Renal osteodystrophy with hyperphosphatemia
4. Renal impairment
Special Precautions while taking Vitamin D31. Renal diseases
2. Renal stones
3. Cardiac diseases
4. Arteriosclerosis
5. Coronary diseases
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Vitamin D31. Rickets and Osteomalacia
2. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Fanconi`s syndrome
4. Osteoporosis
Interactions for Vitamin D3Antacids: Hypermagnesemia may develop in patients on renal dialysis who take magnesium containing antacids.
Digitalis glycosides: May precipitate cardiac arrhythmias due to hypercalcemia.
Verapamil: Atrial fibrillation may occur.
Cholestyramine: Intestinal absorption of Vitamin D may be reduced.
Mineral Oil: Prolonged use of mineral oil may result in reduced absoprtion of Vitamin D.
Phenytoin, Barbiturates: Half life of vitamin D may be reduced.
Thaizide diuretics: Hypoparathyroid patients on Vitamin D may develop hypercalcemia due to thiazide diuretics.
Typical Dosage for Vitamin D3Oral:
Adults:
Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia: 25 to 125mcg daily in normal gastrointestinal absorption. In severe malabsorption; 250mcg to 7.5mg orally or 250mcg I.M.
Vitamin dependent Rickets: 250mcg to 1.5mg daily
Hypoparathyroidism: 625mcg to 5mg daily with calcium supplements
Fanconi`s syndrome: 1.25 to 5mg daily
Osteoporosis: 25 to 250mcg daily or 1.25mg once weekly with calcium and fluoride supplements.
Hypophosphatemia: 250mcg to 1.5mg along with phosphate supplements
Children:
Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia: 25 to 125mcg daily in normal gastrointestinal absorption. In severe malabsorption; 250mcg to 625mcg orally
Vitamin dependent Rickets: 75 to 125mcg daily.
Fanconi`s syndrome: 625mcg to 1.25mg daily
Hypophosphatemia: 1 to 2mg daily with phosphate supplements. Increase the dose in increments of 250 to 500mcg at intervals of 3 to 4months until desired therapeutic response is obtained.
Schedule of Vitamin D3N/AStorage Requirements for Vitamin D3Store in a well closed container in a cool place. Protect from light and excess heat. Keep out of reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin D3Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Vitamin D3Provide supportive and symptomatic treatment. Stops the treatment and starting a low calcium diet. Increases the fluid intake and administer Loop diuretics like furosemide may be given with saline I.V. infusion to increase calcium excretion. Calcitonin may decrease hypercalcaemia. Home Delivery for Alendronate Sodium + Vitamin D3 in Your City
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