Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese Pharmacology

Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

About Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Mechanism of Action of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Pharmacokinets of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Onset of Action for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Duration of Action for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Half Life of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Side Effects of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Contra-indications of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Special Precautions while taking Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

1.Antioxidant
2.Mineral deficiency

Interactions for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Typical Dosage for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

1 capsule / day

Schedule of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Storage Requirements for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Effects of Overdose of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese

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Beta Carotene

About Beta Carotene

A natural precursor to Vitamin A.

Mechanism of Action of Beta Carotene

Beta-carotene acts as the precursor of Vitamin A and in the body it is converted in to Vitamin A. Vitamin A is required for a variety of physiological functions in the body such as: - 1).Proper functioning of retina and formation of pigment Rhodopsin during dark adaptation. 2).promotes differentiation and maintains structural integrity of epithelia over the body and also retard the malignancies of epithelial structures.3).Promotes mucous secretion. 4).Inhibits keratinization, 5). Maintains proper bone growth, 6).Maintenance of spermatogenesis, 7).Supports foetal development, 8).Improves resistance to infection. It is required for proper antibody response, normal lymphocyte proliferation and killer cell function.

Pharmacokinets of Beta Carotene

Absorption: Completely absorbed normally. Steatorrhoea, bile deficiency, and protein poor diet adversely affects the absorption and absorption requires bile salts, pancreatic lipase, and dietary fat.
Distribution: Stored primarily as palmitate in kupffer`s cells in liver. Circulates in the form of specific alpha-1 protein; retinol binding protein and transported to cellular retinol binding protein of target cells.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and a small amount is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Beta Carotene

N/A

Duration of Action for Beta Carotene

N/A

Half Life of Beta Carotene

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Side Effects of Beta Carotene

Adverse effects occurs only with higher doses and toxicity
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Itching
4. Dermatitis
5. Exfoliation
6. Alopecia
7. Bone and joint pain
8. Anorexia
9. Irritability
10. Increased intracranial pressure
11. Hepatic impairment
12. Anaphylactic shock

Contra-indications of Beta Carotene

1. Hypervitaminosis A
2. Hypersensitivity to Beta Carotene

Special Precautions while taking Beta Carotene

1. Oral form should not use in patients with malabsorption syndrome.
2. In inadequate bile secretion oral route may be used with concurrent administration of bile salts.
3. I. V. route is contraindicated except for special water miscible forms intended for infusion with large parenteral volumes and should not use I. V. push of vitamin A of any type.

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Beta Carotene

1. Vitamin A deficiency
2. Xerophthalmia
3. Acne
4. Ichthyosis
5. Bitot`s spots
6. Night blindness

Interactions for Beta Carotene

Cholestyramine: Absorption of Vitamin A is reduced due to reduced availability of fat stabilizing bile salts.
Mineral oil: Interferes with intestinal absorption of Vitamin A.
Oral Contraceptives: Plasma Vitamin A levels are significantly increased.

Typical Dosage for Beta Carotene

Severe vitamin A deficiency with xerophthalmia: 500000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Severe vitamin A deficiency: 100000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Children: 5000 to 10000 IU daily for 14 days.

Schedule of Beta Carotene

C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)

Storage Requirements for Beta Carotene

Store in a well closed, airtight container in a cool dry place.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Beta Carotene

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Beta Carotene

Discontinue the vitamin A if hypercalcaemia persists and administer I.V. saline, prednisolone, and calcitonin if required. Monitor hepatic function tests to detect liver damage.

Vitamin C

About Vitamin C

Water soluble vitamin, antioxidant.

Mechanism of Action of Vitamin C

Vitamin C exerts it`s action by influencing the biologic oxidations and reductions used in cellular respirations. It directly stimulates collagen synthesis and maintains intracellular connective tissue. It involves in various metabolic reactions such as 1).Hydroxylation of praline and lysine residues of protocollagen which is essential for formation and stabilization of collagen triple helix, 2).hydroxylation of carnitine, 3).Conversion of folic acid to folinic acid, 4).biosynthesis of adrenal steroids, catecholamines, oxytocin, and ADH, 5).Metabolism of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins. Vitamin C is important in resistance to infections.

Pharmacokinets of Vitamin C

Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed both extracellularly and intracellularly, It crosses the placenta and also distributed in to the breast milk.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver; partly oxidized in to active dehydroascorbic acid and inactive metabolites.
Excretion: Inactive metabolites and extra drug is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Vitamin C

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Duration of Action for Vitamin C

N/A

Half Life of Vitamin C

N/A

Side Effects of Vitamin C

1. Discomfort at injection site
2. Acid urine
3. Renal calculi
4. Oxaluria

Contra-indications of Vitamin C

No known contraindications

Special Precautions while taking Vitamin C

1. Renal impairment
2. Ingestion of large doses during pregnancy has resulted in scurvy in neonates

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

May be used

Indications for Vitamin C

1. Scurvy
2. Prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin C deficiency
3. As an antioxidant to maintain natural colour and flavour of food items
4. For acidification of urine
5. Capillary fragility
6. Dental caries

Interactions for Vitamin C

Oral contraceptives and estrogens: Vitamin C increases serum levels of oestrogen resulting in adverse reactions .
Warfarin: The anticoagulant effects of warfarin is reduced.
Lab Tests: Large doses (>500 mg) of vitamin C may cause false negative urine glucose determinations. May result in false negative amine dependent stool occult blood tests.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin C

Oral:
Adults: 50 to 1000mg/day depending up on the requirement.
Pregnancy and lactation: 100 to 150mg/day
Children: 30 to 100mg/day.
Scurvy:
Oral:
Adults: 1000mg twice daily to thrice daily.
Children: 300mg to 1000mg daily.
Sub clinical scurvy:
Oral, S.C., I.M., or I.V.: 100 to 250mg once daily or twice daily depending up on the severity of the condition. Then give a maintenance dosage of 50mg/day.
Children: 100 to 300mg depending up on the severity. Then give a maintenance dose of 35mg/day.

Schedule of Vitamin C

C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)

Storage Requirements for Vitamin C

Store in a cool dry area in a well closed container. Protects from moisture, light and direct heat.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin C

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vitamin C

Discontinue the therapy and provide symptomatic and supportive measures.

Vitamin E

About Vitamin E

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Mechanism of Action of Vitamin E

Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and protecting unsaturated lipids in the cell membrane, coenzyme Q, vitamin A, vitamin C etc. from free radical oxidation damage and generation of toxic peroxidation products. It also decreases platelet aggregation.

Pharmacokinets of Vitamin E

Absorption: Absorbed through lymph with the help of bile. Only 20 to 60% of vitamin from dietary sources is absorbed. As dose increases the fraction absorbed decreases.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form and stored in adipose tissue.
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by glucuronide conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and also excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Vitamin E

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Duration of Action for Vitamin E

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Half Life of Vitamin E

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Side Effects of Vitamin E

1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Headache
4. Nausea
5. Diarrhoea
6. Blurred vision
7. Flatulence

Contra-indications of Vitamin E

1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Should not administer intravenously

Special Precautions while taking Vitamin E

1. Hepatic impairment
2. Gall bladder disease
3. Along with estrogens

Pregnancy Related Information

May be used

Old Age Related Information

N/A

Breast Feeding Related Information

May be used

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Vitamin E

1. Vitamin E deficiency
2. Intermittent claudication
3. Nocturnal muscle cramps
4. Coronary artery disease
5. Fibrocystic breast disease
6. Cystic fibrosis
7. In premature infants exposed to high concentration of oxygen
8. As antioxidant

Interactions for Vitamin E

Oral anticoagulants : Hypoprothrombinemic effect may be increased with possibility of bleeding.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin E

Oral:
Vitamin E deficiency:
Adults: 40 to 50mg/day or 60 to 75i.u. daily based on the severity of deficiency.
Children: 1 unit/kg/day.
Premature neonates: 5units daily.
Full term neonates: 5 units per liter of formula.
Intermittent claudication: 400mg/day for 12 to 18 weeks.
Nocturnal muscle cramps: 400mg/day for 8 to 12 weeks.
Coronary artery disease: 100 to 200mg/day for at least 2 years.
Fibrocystic breast disease: 600mg/day for at least 2years.
Cystic fibrosis: 100 to 200mg/day.
Children above 1 year: 100mg/day.
Children below 1year: 50mg/day.

Schedule of Vitamin E

Storage Requirements for Vitamin E

Store in a well closed container in a cool dry place. Protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin E

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vitamin E

Provide supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Selenium

About Selenium

A vital antioxidant, selenium acts with vitamin E to protect the immune system and maintain healthy heart function. It is needed for pancreatic function and tissue elasticity and has been shown to protect against radiation and toxic minerals. High levels of heart disease are associated with selenium-deficient soil in Finland and a tendency to fibrotic heart lesions is associated with selenium deficiency in parts of China. Best sources are butter, Brazil nuts, seafood and grains grown in selenium-rich soil.

Mechanism of Action of Selenium

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Pharmacokinets of Selenium

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Onset of Action for Selenium

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Duration of Action for Selenium

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Half Life of Selenium

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Side Effects of Selenium

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Contra-indications of Selenium

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Special Precautions while taking Selenium

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Selenium

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Interactions for Selenium

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Typical Dosage for Selenium

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Schedule of Selenium

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Storage Requirements for Selenium

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Selenium

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Effects of Overdose of Selenium

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Zinc

About Zinc

Trance metal, Dietary mineral, Nutritional supplement,Treatment of zinc deficiency,in wound healing.

Mechanism of Action of Zinc

Zinc acts as a cofactor for more than 70 different enzymes. Zinc dependent enzymes are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Zinc facilitates wound healing, normal growth rates, normal skin hydration and maintains senses of taste and smell. It provides normal growth and tissue repair. It also helps in development of cell mediated immunity.

Pharmacokinets of Zinc

Absorption: Poorly absorbed orally, Distribution: Zinc is distributed mainly in to skeletal muscle, skin, bone, pancreas, kidney, liver, retina, prostate, RBC, and WBC. Excretion: Excreted mainly through intestine; only 2% loss in the urine.

Onset of Action for Zinc

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Duration of Action for Zinc

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Half Life of Zinc

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Side Effects of Zinc

1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Abdominal distress
4. Gastric ulceration
5. Rashes

Contra-indications of Zinc

N/A

Special Precautions while taking Zinc

1.Don`t exceed prescribed dose
2.Renal failure
3.Biliary obstruction

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

N/A

Breast Feeding Related Information

N/A

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Zinc

1. Zinc deficiency
2. Acne vulgaris
3. Chronic skin ulcers
4. Adjunct to antimicrobials
5. Delayed wound healing
6. Alopecia

Interactions for Zinc

Fluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines: Decreased GI absorption and serum levels of some fluoroquinolone.
Pencillamine: Reduced absorption of zinc.
Iron: Reduced absorption of iron and vice versa.

Typical Dosage for Zinc

Adults: 25 to 50mg zinc daily or 1 to 2 tablets daily.
Children: 5mg/kg 1 to 3 times daily.

Schedule of Zinc

N/A

Storage Requirements for Zinc

Store at a temperature below 30 degree C

Effects of Missed Dosage of Zinc

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Zinc

Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures

Manganese

About Manganese

Magnesium is essential for enzyme activity, calcium and potassium uptake, nerve transmission, bone formation and metabolism of carbohydrates and minerals. It is magnesium, not calcium, which helps form hard tooth enamel, resistant to decay. Like calcium and chloride, magnesium also plays a role in regulating the acid-alkaline balance in the body. High magnesium levels in drinking water have been linked to resistance to heart disease. Although it is found in many foods, including dairy products, nuts, vegetables, fish, meat and seafood, deficiencies are common in America due to soil depletion, poor absorption and lack of minerals in drinking water. A diet high in carbohydrates, oxalic acid in foods like raw spinach and phytic acid found in whole grains can cause deficiencies. An excellent source of usable magnesium is beef, chicken or fish broth. High amounts of zinc and vitamin D increase magnesium requirements. Magnesium deficiency can result in coronary heart disease, chronic weight loss, obesity, fatigue, epilepsy and impaired brain function. Chocolate cravings are a sign of magnesium deficiency.

Mechanism of Action of Manganese

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Pharmacokinets of Manganese

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Onset of Action for Manganese

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Duration of Action for Manganese

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Half Life of Manganese

N/A

Side Effects of Manganese

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Contra-indications of Manganese

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Special Precautions while taking Manganese

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Manganese

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Interactions for Manganese

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Typical Dosage for Manganese

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Schedule of Manganese

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Storage Requirements for Manganese

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Manganese

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Effects of Overdose of Manganese

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Home Delivery for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Manganese in Your City

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