Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E Pharmacology

Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

About Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Mechanism of Action of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Pharmacokinets of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Onset of Action for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Duration of Action for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Half Life of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Side Effects of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Contra-indications of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Special Precautions while taking Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Pregnancy Related Information

N/A

Old Age Related Information

N/A

Breast Feeding Related Information

N/A

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Interactions for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Typical Dosage for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Schedule of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Storage Requirements for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Effects of Overdose of Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E

N/A

Vit B1

About Vit B1

Physiological functions: Thiamine pyrophosphate is a coenzyme and the active form of vitamin B. It functions as coenzyme in decarboxylation of a-keto acid and in Hexose Monophosphate shunt.
Deficiency symptoms: In severe vitamin B1 deficiency beriberi develops. It is of two types:
a) Wet beriberi
b) Dry beriberi
Wet beriberi: In this the symptoms are related to the cardiovascular system and they are palpitations, tachycardia, dyspnoea, ECG changes, oedema, and high output cardiac failure.
Dry beriberi: The symptoms and signs are related to the Nervous system. The main features are peripheral neuritis, hyperaesthesia (localized areas) or anaesthesia, there is gradual loss in muscle strength, wrist drop, poor memory, depression, lack of initiative and anorexia.

Mechanism of Action of Vit B1

Thiamine exerts it`s action by influencing carbohydrate metabolism. It combines with ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate in the body. Thiamine pyrophosphate acts as a coenzyme for carbohydrate metabolism, decarboxylation of ketoacids, and hexose monophosphate shunt. It also have plays some role in neuromuscular transmission.

Pharmacokinets of Vit B1

Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body. It is also distributed in to breast milk.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Excess thiamine is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Vit B1

N/A

Duration of Action for Vit B1

N/A

Half Life of Vit B1

N/A

Side Effects of Vit B1

1. Angioedema
2. Cardiovascular collapse
3. Cyanosis
4. Restleessness
5. Nausea
6. Haemorrhage
7. Weakness
8. Allergic reactions
9. Tightness of throat
10. Feeling of warmth
11. Urticaria
12. Pruritus
13. Tenderness and induration following I. M. administration

Contra-indications of Vit B1

1. Hypersensitivity to the drug

Special Precautions while taking Vit B1

N/A

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

May be used

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

May be used

Indications for Vit B1

1. Thiamine deficiency
2. Dry beriberi
3. Wet beriberi
4. Wernicke`s encephalopathy
5. Hyperemesis gravidarum
6. Korsakoffs syndrome
7. Polyneuritis secondary to alcoholism
8. Multiple neurosis
9. Toxic and confusional states
10. Anorexia nervosa
11. Delirium

Interactions for Vit B1

N/A

Typical Dosage for Vit B1

Oral :
In mild deficiency: 10 to 25mg/day.
In severe deficiency: 200 to 300mg/day.
I.M, I.V.:
Beriberi:
Adults: 10 to 20mg I.M. depending up on the severity of the condition (Up to 100mg I.M. or I.V. for severe cases); thrice daily for two weeks followed by dietary correction and multivitamin supplement containing 5 to 30mg Thiamine/day in single or divided doses for 1 month.
Wernicke`s encephalopathy: 100mg I.V. followed by 50 to 100mg IM. or I.V./day.
"Wet beriberi with heart failure": 10 to 30mg I.V. for emergency treatment.

Schedule of Vit B1

C1 (Oral)

Storage Requirements for Vit B1

Store in a well closed container; in a cool place and protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B1

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vit B1

Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Vit B2

About Vit B2

N/A

Mechanism of Action of Vit B2

Riboflavin exerts it`s action by influencing metabolic reactions. Riboflavin functions in the forms of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) which are coenzymes for flavoproteins involved in many oxidation-reduction reactions. Both FMN and FAD play a vital metabolic role in numerous tissue respiration systems. Riboflavin also directly involves in maintaining erythrocyte integrity.

Pharmacokinets of Vit B2

Absorption: Well absorbed orally; bioavailability increases when administer along with food.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the tissues and limited amount is stored in the liver, spleen, kidneys, and heart. It crosses the placenta and also secreted in to the breast milk.
Metabolism: Phosphorylated in the intestine, liver and other tissues to FMN and metabolized in to FAD the liver.
Excretion: Larger doses are excreted unchanged in urine.

Onset of Action for Vit B2

N/A

Duration of Action for Vit B2

N/A

Half Life of Vit B2

66 to 84 minutes

Side Effects of Vit B2

1. Bright yellow urine with higher doses

Contra-indications of Vit B2

No known contraindications.

Special Precautions while taking Vit B2

N/A

Pregnancy Related Information

May be used

Old Age Related Information

May be used

Breast Feeding Related Information

May be used

Children Related Information

May be used

Indications for Vit B2

1. Ariboflavinosis
2. Arteriosclerosis
3. Hypertension
4. Obesity
5. Diabetis
6. Cholepathy
7. Glossitis
8. Stomatitis
9. Dermatitis of trunk and extremities
10. Other riboflavin deficiency symptoms

Interactions for Vit B2

Oral contraceptive:Dose of Riboflavin may need to be increased
Propantheline Bromide:Delays absorption rate of Riboflavin

Typical Dosage for Vit B2

Oral:
Adults: 20 to 40mg three times daily or depending up on the severity.
Children: 20mg daily.
Riboflavin deficiency:
Adults and children over 12 years: 5 to 30mg/day depending up on the severity .
Children (below 12years): 3 to 10mg/day depending up on the severity.

Schedule of Vit B2

Storage Requirements for Vit B2

Store in a well closed container; in a cool place and protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B2

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose

Effects of Overdose of Vit B2

Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Vit B3

About Vit B3

N/A

Mechanism of Action of Vit B3

Niacin refers to Nicotinic acid as well as Nicotinamide which exerts it`s action by influencing metabolic reactions. It is converted in to coenzymes Ncotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and it`s phosphate Ncotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) involved in oxidation reduction reactions. These pyridine nucleotides act as hydrogen acceptors in the electron transport chain in tissue respiration, glycolysis, and fat synthesis. Nicotinic acid in high doses has vasodilator effects and also improves lipid profile; reduces serum cholesterol, raises HDL level, lowers VLDL, and LDL levels.

Pharmacokinets of Vit B3

Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed in the body, and also secreted in to breast milk, Modest amounts are stored in liver, Metabolism: Metabolized in to active metabolites in liver, Excretion: Extra drug is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Vit B3

N/A

Duration of Action for Vit B3

N/A

Half Life of Vit B3

N/A

Side Effects of Vit B3

1. Flushing
2. Activation of peptic ulcer
3. Nausea
4. Vomiting
5. Diarrhoea
6. Headache
7. Rashes
8. Pruritus
9. Hypotension
10. Arrhythmias
11. Hepatic impairment

Contra-indications of Vit B3

1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Hepatic impairment
3. Peptic ulcer
4. Severe hypotension
5. Arterial haemorrhage

Special Precautions while taking Vit B3

1.History of liver disease
2.Gall bladder diseases
3.Gout
4.Coronary artery diseases
5.Diabetes mellitus
6.When use along with Statins reduces the dosage of Statins

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Vit B3

1. Pellagra
2. Niacin deficiency
3. Hartnup disease
4. Hyperlipidaemia (only nicotinic acid
5. Peripheral vascular diseases (only nicotinic acid)

Interactions for Vit B3

Aspirin: May decrease the metabolic clearance of nicotinic acid
Sympathetic blocking agent: May cause added vasodilation and hypotension
Isoniazid: may deplete levels of niacin and cause deficiency.

Typical Dosage for Vit B3

Oral:
Pellagra: 200 to 500mg daily in divided doses
Prophylactically: 20 to 50mg daily.
Dietary supplement: 10 to 20mg daily
Peripheral vascular diseases (only nicotinic acid): 100 to 150mg three to five times daily. Alternatively 1000 to 2000g once daily at bed time.
Hyperlipidaemia (only nicotinic acid): 1.5 to 6g daily in two to four divided doses with or after meals.
Hartnup disease: 50 to 200mg daily in divided doses.

Schedule of Vit B3

Storage Requirements for Vit B3

Store at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B3

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vit B3

Provide supportive measures and symptomatic treatment

Vit B5

About Vit B5

Vitamin , A water-soluble B complex vitamin.

Mechanism of Action of Vit B5

Pantothenic acid exerts it`s actions by influencing metabolic reactions. It is a component of coenzyme-A which functions in carbohydrate, fat, steroid and porphyrin metabolism by catalyzing acetate transfer reactions.

Pharmacokinets of Vit B5

Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body tissues, and appears in the breast milk.
Excretion: 70% excreted unchanged in urine and 30% in faeces.

Onset of Action for Vit B5

N/A

Duration of Action for Vit B5

N/A

Half Life of Vit B5

N/A

Side Effects of Vit B5

N/A

Contra-indications of Vit B5

N/A

Special Precautions while taking Vit B5

N/A

Pregnancy Related Information

May be used

Old Age Related Information

May be used

Breast Feeding Related Information

May be used

Children Related Information

May be used

Indications for Vit B5

1. Nutritional supplement in conjunction with other B vitamins
2. Post operative paralytic ileus.

Interactions for Vit B5

Tetracycline: Vitamin B5 should not be taken at the same time as the Tetracycline because it interferes with the absorption and effectiveness of this medication.
B vitamins should be taken at different times from tetracycline.

Typical Dosage for Vit B5

Oral: 50 to 100mg daily.

Schedule of Vit B5

Storage Requirements for Vit B5

Store in a well closed container; in a cool place and protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B5

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vit B5

Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Vit B6

About Vit B6

Physiological functions: It is involved as a coenzyme (Pyridoxal phosphate) in metabolism of tryptophan, in several metabolic transformations of amino acids including transamination, decarboxylation & racemization.
Deficiency symptoms: Peripheral neuritis, seizures, stomatitis, glossitis, anaemia, seborrhea like lesions.

Mechanism of Action of Vit B6

Vitamin B6 is a collective term for Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine and their phosphorylated derivatives such as Pyridoxine phosphate, Pyridoxal phosphate and Pyridoxamine derivatives respectively. Vitamin B6 is essential for the metabolism of amino acid, glycogen and fatty acids, for nerve functions, for the formation of red blood cells and also helps the skin healthy. Vitamin B6 is also used for the synthesis of nucleic acid, Haemoglobin, Sphingomyelin, other Sphingolipids, Serotonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline and GABA.

Pharmacokinets of Vit B6

Absorption: Vitamin B6 is readily absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is mainly distributed in the body in protein bound form. It is stored primarily in the liver and to a lesser extent muscle and brain.
Metabolism: It is metabolised in the liver

Onset of Action for Vit B6

N/A

Duration of Action for Vit B6

N/A

Half Life of Vit B6

15-20 days

Side Effects of Vit B6

1. Neuropathy
2. Unstable gait
3. Drowsiness
4. Perioral numbness
5. Paresthesia
6. Numbness of feet
7. Somnolence
8. Sensory neuropathy
9. Ataxia

Contra-indications of Vit B6

1. Hypersensitivity to Vitamin B6

Special Precautions while taking Vit B6

N/A

Pregnancy Related Information

May be used

Old Age Related Information

May be used

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution
NEONATES: Contraindicated

Indications for Vit B6

1. Vitamin B6 deficiency including inadequate diet and drug induced causes
2. Neuropathy
3. Premenstrual syndrome
4. Hyperoxaluria type 1
5. Metabolic disorder
6. Isoniazid poisoning

Interactions for Vit B6

Cycloserine, Hydralazine, Isoniazide, Oral contraceptive, Penicillamine: Increase Pyridoxine requirement.
Levodopa: Pyridoxine reverses the therapeutic effect of Levodopa.
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin: Pyridoxine decreases serum level of these anticonvulsants.

Typical Dosage for Vit B6

Adult: 10 - 20 mg / day
Dietary deficiency: 2.5 -10 mg / day for effective therapeutic response is obtained.
Maintenance dose: 2 - 5 mg / day for several weeks.
Drug induced deficiency: 100 - 200 mg / day for 3 weeks.
Maintenance dose: 25 - 100 mg / day
Neuropathy: 50 - 200 mg /day
Premenstrual syndrome: 40 - 500 mg / day
Hyperoxaluria type 1: 25 - 300 mg / day
Metabolic disorder: 100-500 mg /day.
Isoniazid poisoning: Initial dose: 1 - 4 g as IV administration, then 1 g IM every 30 minute until Pyridoxine dose is equal to the Isoniazid dose has been given.

Schedule of Vit B6

N/A

Storage Requirements for Vit B6

Store it at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from moisture and heat.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B6

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vit B6

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. The signs of Pyridoxine overdose can be resolved by discontinuation (withdrawal) of Pyridoxine.

Beta Carotene

About Beta Carotene

A natural precursor to Vitamin A.

Mechanism of Action of Beta Carotene

Beta-carotene acts as the precursor of Vitamin A and in the body it is converted in to Vitamin A. Vitamin A is required for a variety of physiological functions in the body such as: - 1).Proper functioning of retina and formation of pigment Rhodopsin during dark adaptation. 2).promotes differentiation and maintains structural integrity of epithelia over the body and also retard the malignancies of epithelial structures.3).Promotes mucous secretion. 4).Inhibits keratinization, 5). Maintains proper bone growth, 6).Maintenance of spermatogenesis, 7).Supports foetal development, 8).Improves resistance to infection. It is required for proper antibody response, normal lymphocyte proliferation and killer cell function.

Pharmacokinets of Beta Carotene

Absorption: Completely absorbed normally. Steatorrhoea, bile deficiency, and protein poor diet adversely affects the absorption and absorption requires bile salts, pancreatic lipase, and dietary fat.
Distribution: Stored primarily as palmitate in kupffer`s cells in liver. Circulates in the form of specific alpha-1 protein; retinol binding protein and transported to cellular retinol binding protein of target cells.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and a small amount is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Beta Carotene

N/A

Duration of Action for Beta Carotene

N/A

Half Life of Beta Carotene

N/A

Side Effects of Beta Carotene

Adverse effects occurs only with higher doses and toxicity
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Itching
4. Dermatitis
5. Exfoliation
6. Alopecia
7. Bone and joint pain
8. Anorexia
9. Irritability
10. Increased intracranial pressure
11. Hepatic impairment
12. Anaphylactic shock

Contra-indications of Beta Carotene

1. Hypervitaminosis A
2. Hypersensitivity to Beta Carotene

Special Precautions while taking Beta Carotene

1. Oral form should not use in patients with malabsorption syndrome.
2. In inadequate bile secretion oral route may be used with concurrent administration of bile salts.
3. I. V. route is contraindicated except for special water miscible forms intended for infusion with large parenteral volumes and should not use I. V. push of vitamin A of any type.

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Beta Carotene

1. Vitamin A deficiency
2. Xerophthalmia
3. Acne
4. Ichthyosis
5. Bitot`s spots
6. Night blindness

Interactions for Beta Carotene

Cholestyramine: Absorption of Vitamin A is reduced due to reduced availability of fat stabilizing bile salts.
Mineral oil: Interferes with intestinal absorption of Vitamin A.
Oral Contraceptives: Plasma Vitamin A levels are significantly increased.

Typical Dosage for Beta Carotene

Severe vitamin A deficiency with xerophthalmia: 500000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Severe vitamin A deficiency: 100000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Children: 5000 to 10000 IU daily for 14 days.

Schedule of Beta Carotene

C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)

Storage Requirements for Beta Carotene

Store in a well closed, airtight container in a cool dry place.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Beta Carotene

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Beta Carotene

Discontinue the vitamin A if hypercalcaemia persists and administer I.V. saline, prednisolone, and calcitonin if required. Monitor hepatic function tests to detect liver damage.

Vitamin C

About Vitamin C

Water soluble vitamin, antioxidant.

Mechanism of Action of Vitamin C

Vitamin C exerts it`s action by influencing the biologic oxidations and reductions used in cellular respirations. It directly stimulates collagen synthesis and maintains intracellular connective tissue. It involves in various metabolic reactions such as 1).Hydroxylation of praline and lysine residues of protocollagen which is essential for formation and stabilization of collagen triple helix, 2).hydroxylation of carnitine, 3).Conversion of folic acid to folinic acid, 4).biosynthesis of adrenal steroids, catecholamines, oxytocin, and ADH, 5).Metabolism of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins. Vitamin C is important in resistance to infections.

Pharmacokinets of Vitamin C

Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed both extracellularly and intracellularly, It crosses the placenta and also distributed in to the breast milk.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver; partly oxidized in to active dehydroascorbic acid and inactive metabolites.
Excretion: Inactive metabolites and extra drug is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Vitamin C

N/A

Duration of Action for Vitamin C

N/A

Half Life of Vitamin C

N/A

Side Effects of Vitamin C

1. Discomfort at injection site
2. Acid urine
3. Renal calculi
4. Oxaluria

Contra-indications of Vitamin C

No known contraindications

Special Precautions while taking Vitamin C

1. Renal impairment
2. Ingestion of large doses during pregnancy has resulted in scurvy in neonates

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

May be used

Indications for Vitamin C

1. Scurvy
2. Prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin C deficiency
3. As an antioxidant to maintain natural colour and flavour of food items
4. For acidification of urine
5. Capillary fragility
6. Dental caries

Interactions for Vitamin C

Oral contraceptives and estrogens: Vitamin C increases serum levels of oestrogen resulting in adverse reactions .
Warfarin: The anticoagulant effects of warfarin is reduced.
Lab Tests: Large doses (>500 mg) of vitamin C may cause false negative urine glucose determinations. May result in false negative amine dependent stool occult blood tests.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin C

Oral:
Adults: 50 to 1000mg/day depending up on the requirement.
Pregnancy and lactation: 100 to 150mg/day
Children: 30 to 100mg/day.
Scurvy:
Oral:
Adults: 1000mg twice daily to thrice daily.
Children: 300mg to 1000mg daily.
Sub clinical scurvy:
Oral, S.C., I.M., or I.V.: 100 to 250mg once daily or twice daily depending up on the severity of the condition. Then give a maintenance dosage of 50mg/day.
Children: 100 to 300mg depending up on the severity. Then give a maintenance dose of 35mg/day.

Schedule of Vitamin C

C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)

Storage Requirements for Vitamin C

Store in a cool dry area in a well closed container. Protects from moisture, light and direct heat.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin C

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vitamin C

Discontinue the therapy and provide symptomatic and supportive measures.

Vitamin D3

About Vitamin D3

N/A

Mechanism of Action of Vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 is a form of vitamin D. It is also called as Cholecalciferol.7-Dehydrocholesterol is the precursor of vitamin D3 and only forms the vitamin after being exposed to UV radiation.After exposure to the sun, cholecalciferol is sent to the liver to be hydroxylated where it becomes 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3.Next, it is sent to the kidney and once again hydroxylated becoming 1,25-Hydroxyvitamin D3. 1,25-Hydroxyvitmain D3 is the active form of vitamin D3, for this reason vitamin D is often referred to as a prohormone.Vitamin D exerts it`s action by influencing calcium homoeostasis. It increases the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. It binds to the cytoplasmic Vitamin D receptor and translocates to the nucleus and thus increases the synthesis of specific m RNA and regulates protein synthesis. It increases the synthesis of a carrier protein for calcium called "calbindin" or calcium binding protein. Activation of Vitamin D receptor enhances endocytotic capture of calcium and it`s transport across duodenal mucosal cells in a vesicular form. Vitamin D promotes resorption of calcium and phosphate from bone by enhancing recruitment and differentiation of osteoclast precursors in the bone remodeling units. It helps in bone mineralization.

Pharmacokinets of Vitamin D3

Absorption: Well absorbed orally in the presence of bile salts, Malabsorption and steatorrhoea interfere with it`s absorption.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form. It is stored in adipose tissue and liver.
Metabolism: It is hydroxylated in to both active and inactive metabolites and also metabolized in kidney.
Excretion: Metabolites are excreted mainly through bile.

Onset of Action for Vitamin D3

N/A

Duration of Action for Vitamin D3

N/A

Half Life of Vitamin D3

N/A

Side Effects of Vitamin D3

1. Hypercalcaemia
2. Fatigue
3. Weakness
4. Diarrhoea
5. Vomiting
6. Sluggishness
7. Albuminuria
8. Polyuria
9. Calcification of soft tissues (blood vessels, parenchymal organs including heart)
10. Arrhythmias
11. Renal stones
12. Growh retardation in children
13. Hypertension
14. Anorexia
15. Nausea
16. Constipation
17. Elevated liver enzymes

Contra-indications of Vitamin D3

1. Hypercalcaemia
2. Hypervitaminosis D
3. Renal osteodystrophy with hyperphosphatemia
4. Renal impairment

Special Precautions while taking Vitamin D3

1. Renal diseases
2. Renal stones
3. Cardiac diseases
4. Arteriosclerosis
5. Coronary diseases

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Vitamin D3

1. Rickets and Osteomalacia
2. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Fanconi`s syndrome
4. Osteoporosis

Interactions for Vitamin D3

Antacids: Hypermagnesemia may develop in patients on renal dialysis who take magnesium containing antacids.
Digitalis glycosides: May precipitate cardiac arrhythmias due to hypercalcemia.
Verapamil: Atrial fibrillation may occur.
Cholestyramine: Intestinal absorption of Vitamin D may be reduced.
Mineral Oil: Prolonged use of mineral oil may result in reduced absoprtion of Vitamin D.
Phenytoin, Barbiturates: Half life of vitamin D may be reduced.
Thaizide diuretics: Hypoparathyroid patients on Vitamin D may develop hypercalcemia due to thiazide diuretics.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin D3

Oral:
Adults:
Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia: 25 to 125mcg daily in normal gastrointestinal absorption. In severe malabsorption; 250mcg to 7.5mg orally or 250mcg I.M.
Vitamin dependent Rickets: 250mcg to 1.5mg daily
Hypoparathyroidism: 625mcg to 5mg daily with calcium supplements
Fanconi`s syndrome: 1.25 to 5mg daily
Osteoporosis: 25 to 250mcg daily or 1.25mg once weekly with calcium and fluoride supplements.
Hypophosphatemia: 250mcg to 1.5mg along with phosphate supplements
Children:
Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia: 25 to 125mcg daily in normal gastrointestinal absorption. In severe malabsorption; 250mcg to 625mcg orally
Vitamin dependent Rickets: 75 to 125mcg daily.
Fanconi`s syndrome: 625mcg to 1.25mg daily
Hypophosphatemia: 1 to 2mg daily with phosphate supplements. Increase the dose in increments of 250 to 500mcg at intervals of 3 to 4months until desired therapeutic response is obtained.

Schedule of Vitamin D3

N/A

Storage Requirements for Vitamin D3

Store in a well closed container in a cool place. Protect from light and excess heat. Keep out of reach of children.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin D3

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vitamin D3

Provide supportive and symptomatic treatment. Stops the treatment and starting a low calcium diet. Increases the fluid intake and administer Loop diuretics like furosemide may be given with saline I.V. infusion to increase calcium excretion. Calcitonin may decrease hypercalcaemia.

Vitamin E

About Vitamin E

N/A

Mechanism of Action of Vitamin E

Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and protecting unsaturated lipids in the cell membrane, coenzyme Q, vitamin A, vitamin C etc. from free radical oxidation damage and generation of toxic peroxidation products. It also decreases platelet aggregation.

Pharmacokinets of Vitamin E

Absorption: Absorbed through lymph with the help of bile. Only 20 to 60% of vitamin from dietary sources is absorbed. As dose increases the fraction absorbed decreases.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form and stored in adipose tissue.
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by glucuronide conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and also excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Vitamin E

N/A

Duration of Action for Vitamin E

N/A

Half Life of Vitamin E

N/A

Side Effects of Vitamin E

1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Headache
4. Nausea
5. Diarrhoea
6. Blurred vision
7. Flatulence

Contra-indications of Vitamin E

1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Should not administer intravenously

Special Precautions while taking Vitamin E

1. Hepatic impairment
2. Gall bladder disease
3. Along with estrogens

Pregnancy Related Information

May be used

Old Age Related Information

N/A

Breast Feeding Related Information

May be used

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Vitamin E

1. Vitamin E deficiency
2. Intermittent claudication
3. Nocturnal muscle cramps
4. Coronary artery disease
5. Fibrocystic breast disease
6. Cystic fibrosis
7. In premature infants exposed to high concentration of oxygen
8. As antioxidant

Interactions for Vitamin E

Oral anticoagulants : Hypoprothrombinemic effect may be increased with possibility of bleeding.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin E

Oral:
Vitamin E deficiency:
Adults: 40 to 50mg/day or 60 to 75i.u. daily based on the severity of deficiency.
Children: 1 unit/kg/day.
Premature neonates: 5units daily.
Full term neonates: 5 units per liter of formula.
Intermittent claudication: 400mg/day for 12 to 18 weeks.
Nocturnal muscle cramps: 400mg/day for 8 to 12 weeks.
Coronary artery disease: 100 to 200mg/day for at least 2 years.
Fibrocystic breast disease: 600mg/day for at least 2years.
Cystic fibrosis: 100 to 200mg/day.
Children above 1 year: 100mg/day.
Children below 1year: 50mg/day.

Schedule of Vitamin E

Storage Requirements for Vitamin E

Store in a well closed container in a cool dry place. Protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin E

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vitamin E

Provide supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Home Delivery for Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e with the pharmacy.

Vit B1 + Vit B2 + Vit B3 + Vit B5 + Vit B6 + Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e might be better known than vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for vit b1 + vit b2 + vit b3 + vit b5 + vit b6 + beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin d3 + vitamin e.