Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E Pharmacology

Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E

About Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Mechanism of Action of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Pharmacokinets of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Onset of Action for Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Duration of Action for Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Half Life of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Side Effects of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Contra-indications of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Special Precautions while taking Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Interactions for Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Typical Dosage for Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Schedule of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Storage Requirements for Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Effects of Overdose of Vitamin B-Complex + Vitamin C + Vitamin E
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Vitamin B-Complex

About Vitamin B-Complex
Vitamin B-complex are group of vitamins, which include Thiamine (B1),Riboflavin (B2),Niacin (B3),Pantothenic acid (B5),Pyridoxine (B6),Cyanocobalamin (B12),Folic acid and Biotin.
These vitamins are essential for the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose (this provides energy for the body),the breakdown of fats and proteins (which aids the normal functioning of the nervous system),muscle tone in the stomach and intestinal tract,Skin,Hair,Eyes,Mouth and Liver
Mechanism of Action of Vitamin B-Complex
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Pharmacokinets of Vitamin B-Complex
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Onset of Action for Vitamin B-Complex
N/A
Duration of Action for Vitamin B-Complex
N/A
Half Life of Vitamin B-Complex
N/A
Side Effects of Vitamin B-Complex
1.Drowsiness
2.Headache
3.Diarrhoea
4.Nausea.
5.Numbness of the skin
Contra-indications of Vitamin B-Complex
Hypersensitivity to the ingredient of Vitamin B-complex
Special Precautions while taking Vitamin B-Complex
1.Pernecious anaemia
2.Patient receiving dialysis
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used.
Old Age Related Information
May be used.
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used.
Children Related Information
May be used.
Indications for Vitamin B-Complex
1.Vitamin deficiency states
2. As an adjuvant to antibiotic therapy
3. Combinations with lactobacillus are indicated in aphthous stomatitis, thrush.
Interactions for Vitamin B-Complex
Sulfinpyrazone: Uricosuric effect of sulfinpyrazone may be inhibited by niacin.
Levodopa: Pyridoxine reduces efficacy of levodopa. Avoid supplemental vitamins that contain greater then 5 mg pyridoxine in the daily dose.
Phenobarbital: Serum levels of Phenobarbital may be decreased if used concomitantly with pyridoxine.
Phenytoin: Pyridoxine decreases serum levels of phenytoin.
Dapsone: PABA antagonizes anti-malarial effect of dapsone.
Typical Dosage for Vitamin B-Complex
I tablet /day
Schedule of Vitamin B-Complex
N/A
Storage Requirements for Vitamin B-Complex
Store at room temperature. Keep out of the reach of children.Protect from heat, light and moisture.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin B-Complex
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Vitamin B-Complex
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Vitamin C

About Vitamin C
Water soluble vitamin, antioxidant.
Mechanism of Action of Vitamin C
Vitamin C exerts it`s action by influencing the biologic oxidations and reductions used in cellular respirations. It directly stimulates collagen synthesis and maintains intracellular connective tissue. It involves in various metabolic reactions such as 1).Hydroxylation of praline and lysine residues of protocollagen which is essential for formation and stabilization of collagen triple helix, 2).hydroxylation of carnitine, 3).Conversion of folic acid to folinic acid, 4).biosynthesis of adrenal steroids, catecholamines, oxytocin, and ADH, 5).Metabolism of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins. Vitamin C is important in resistance to infections.
Pharmacokinets of Vitamin C
Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed both extracellularly and intracellularly, It crosses the placenta and also distributed in to the breast milk.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver; partly oxidized in to active dehydroascorbic acid and inactive metabolites.
Excretion: Inactive metabolites and extra drug is excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Vitamin C
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Duration of Action for Vitamin C
N/A
Half Life of Vitamin C
N/A
Side Effects of Vitamin C
1. Discomfort at injection site
2. Acid urine
3. Renal calculi
4. Oxaluria
Contra-indications of Vitamin C
No known contraindications
Special Precautions while taking Vitamin C
1. Renal impairment
2. Ingestion of large doses during pregnancy has resulted in scurvy in neonates
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
May be used
Indications for Vitamin C
1. Scurvy
2. Prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin C deficiency
3. As an antioxidant to maintain natural colour and flavour of food items
4. For acidification of urine
5. Capillary fragility
6. Dental caries

Interactions for Vitamin C
Oral contraceptives and estrogens: Vitamin C increases serum levels of oestrogen resulting in adverse reactions .
Warfarin: The anticoagulant effects of warfarin is reduced.
Lab Tests: Large doses (>500 mg) of vitamin C may cause false negative urine glucose determinations. May result in false negative amine dependent stool occult blood tests.
Typical Dosage for Vitamin C
Oral:
Adults: 50 to 1000mg/day depending up on the requirement.
Pregnancy and lactation: 100 to 150mg/day
Children: 30 to 100mg/day.
Scurvy:
Oral:
Adults: 1000mg twice daily to thrice daily.
Children: 300mg to 1000mg daily.
Sub clinical scurvy:
Oral, S.C., I.M., or I.V.: 100 to 250mg once daily or twice daily depending up on the severity of the condition. Then give a maintenance dosage of 50mg/day.
Children: 100 to 300mg depending up on the severity. Then give a maintenance dose of 35mg/day.

Schedule of Vitamin C
C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Vitamin C
Store in a cool dry area in a well closed container. Protects from moisture, light and direct heat.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin C
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Vitamin C
Discontinue the therapy and provide symptomatic and supportive measures.

Vitamin E

About Vitamin E
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Mechanism of Action of Vitamin E
Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and protecting unsaturated lipids in the cell membrane, coenzyme Q, vitamin A, vitamin C etc. from free radical oxidation damage and generation of toxic peroxidation products. It also decreases platelet aggregation.
Pharmacokinets of Vitamin E
Absorption: Absorbed through lymph with the help of bile. Only 20 to 60% of vitamin from dietary sources is absorbed. As dose increases the fraction absorbed decreases.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form and stored in adipose tissue.
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by glucuronide conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and also excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Vitamin E
N/A
Duration of Action for Vitamin E
N/A
Half Life of Vitamin E
N/A
Side Effects of Vitamin E
1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Headache
4. Nausea
5. Diarrhoea
6. Blurred vision
7. Flatulence


Contra-indications of Vitamin E
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Should not administer intravenously
Special Precautions while taking Vitamin E
1. Hepatic impairment
2. Gall bladder disease
3. Along with estrogens
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Vitamin E
1. Vitamin E deficiency
2. Intermittent claudication
3. Nocturnal muscle cramps
4. Coronary artery disease
5. Fibrocystic breast disease
6. Cystic fibrosis
7. In premature infants exposed to high concentration of oxygen
8. As antioxidant


Interactions for Vitamin E
Oral anticoagulants : Hypoprothrombinemic effect may be increased with possibility of bleeding.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin E
Oral:
Vitamin E deficiency:
Adults: 40 to 50mg/day or 60 to 75i.u. daily based on the severity of deficiency.
Children: 1 unit/kg/day.
Premature neonates: 5units daily.
Full term neonates: 5 units per liter of formula.
Intermittent claudication: 400mg/day for 12 to 18 weeks.
Nocturnal muscle cramps: 400mg/day for 8 to 12 weeks.
Coronary artery disease: 100 to 200mg/day for at least 2 years.
Fibrocystic breast disease: 600mg/day for at least 2years.
Cystic fibrosis: 100 to 200mg/day.
Children above 1 year: 100mg/day.
Children below 1year: 50mg/day.



Schedule of Vitamin E
C1
Storage Requirements for Vitamin E
Store in a well closed container in a cool dry place. Protect from light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin E
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Vitamin E
Provide supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

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