Chlorambucil Pharmacology

Chlorambucil

About Chlorambucil
Alkylating Agent, A systemic antineoplastic agent.
Mechanism of Action of Chlorambucil
This slow acting, least toxic alkylating agent produce ethylenimmonium ions. These ions alkylate DNA, which result breaks of DNA molecule as well as cross linking of the twin strands, thus interfering with DNA replication and RNA transcription. This will cause the death of cancer cells.
Pharmacokinets of Chlorambucil
Absorption- Well absorbed orally. Absorption is decreased if ingested with food.
Distribution- Distributed widely in the body.99% bound to the plasma proteins. Crosses placental barrier, found in ascetic fluid.
Metabolism- Metabolized in the liver. Phenyl acetic acid mustard is its active metabolite.
Excretion- Excreted via urine.
Onset of Action for Chlorambucil
3 to 4 weeks after administration.
Duration of Action for Chlorambucil
N/A
Half Life of Chlorambucil
Its plasma half life is about 2 hrs. Its metabolites half life is 2 &1/2 hrs.
Side Effects of Chlorambucil
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Diarrhea
4. Oral ulceration
5. Seizure
6. Tremor
7. Muscular twitching
8. Confusion
9. Agitation
10. Ataxia
11. Hallucination
12. Skin rash
13. Hepatotoxicity
14. Infertility
15. Darkened skin
16. Loss of appetite
17. Unusual bleeding
18. Red urine
19. Cough
20. Shortness of breath
21. Fever
22. Pulmonary fibrosis
23. Neutropenia
24. Bone marrow suppression
25. Thrombocytopenia
Contra-indications of Chlorambucil
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Porphyria
3. In patient who has demonstrated resistance to this drug.
Special Precautions while taking Chlorambucil
1. Hypersensitivity to melphalan or any other drug.
2. Use of aspirin and vitamin tab
3. Seizure disorder
4. Vaccination (measles, flu)
5. Hepatic disorder
6. Renal impairment
7. Radiation therapy
8. Myelosupressive drug use
9. Head trauma
10. Bone marrow suppression
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Indications for Chlorambucil
1. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
2. Non-Hodgkins disease
3. Advanced Hodgkins disease
4. Waldenstrome`s macroglobulinaemia
5. Breast cancer
6. Polycythemia Vera
7. Trophoblastic neoplasm
8. Ovarian carcinoma
9. Nephrotic syndrome
10. Malignant lymphoma
11. Lymphosarcoma
12. Multiple melanomas
Interactions for Chlorambucil
Other Myelosuppressive Agents : Efficacy of these enhanced.
Phenylbutazone & Warfarin : Potentiate the efficacy of Chlorambucil.
Typical Dosage for Chlorambucil
Oral-
Adults-
6mg/day as a single dose or multiple doses for 3 to 6 weeks.2mg/day as a maintenance dose.
Children- 0.15mg/kg/day for 7 days.0.05mg/kg/day as a maintenance dose.
Schedule of Chlorambucil
G
Storage Requirements for Chlorambucil
Store in tightly closed container at room temperature. Avoid excess heat and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Chlorambucil
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Chlorambucil
Give symptomatic and supportive treatment. If seizure occurs provide anticonvulsant therapy. For the removal of unabsorbed drug, induction of emesis, gastric lavage and activated charcoal administration is needed.

Home Delivery for Chlorambucil in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including chlorambucil.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for chlorambucil and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for chlorambucil may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take chlorambucil only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for chlorambucil before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for chlorambucil with the pharmacy.

Chlorambucil is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for chlorambucil might be better known than chlorambucil itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have chlorambucil in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for chlorambucil.