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- Pharmacology For Metformin + Rosiglitazone
Metformin + Rosiglitazone Pharmacology
Metformin + Rosiglitazone
About Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AMechanism of Action of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/APharmacokinets of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AOnset of Action for Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/ADuration of Action for Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AHalf Life of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/ASide Effects of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AContra-indications of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AInteractions for Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/ATypical Dosage for Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/ASchedule of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AStorage Requirements for Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AEffects of Overdose of Metformin + RosiglitazoneN/AMetformin
About MetforminBiguanide derivative, Oral anti-diabetic.Mechanism of Action of MetforminIt is a biguanide which exerts antidiabetic action. The drug suppresses gluconeogenesis in liver and thus suppresses hepatic glucose output. It enhance insulin mediated glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissue. It enhance GLUT1 (glucose transporter-1) transport from intracellular site to plasma membrane. It also interferes with respiratory chain in mitochondria and promotes peripheral glucose utilization by increasing anaerobic glycolysis. It inhibits intestinal absorption of glucose, other hexose sugars, amino acids and vitamin B12. It also improves lipid profile in type-2 diabetics.Pharmacokinets of MetforminAbsorption: Absorbed orally and bioavailability is about 50% to60%. Distribution: It is distributed in to erythrocytes, Metabolism: Not metabolized in the body, Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine.Onset of Action for MetforminN/ADuration of Action for Metformin6 to 8 hoursHalf Life of Metformin1.5 to 3hoursSide Effects of Metformin1. Abdominal pain
2. Nausea
3. Vomiting
4. Anorexia
5. Metalic taste
6. Mild diarrhea
7. Tiredness
8. Small increase in blood lactate
9. Lactic acidosis (rare)
10. Vitamin B12 deficiency
11. Megaloblastic anaemia
12. Diarrhoea
13. Flatulence
14. Dermatitis
15. Rashes.
Contra-indications of Metformin1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Renal impairment
3. Hepatic impairment
4. Diabetic ketoacidosis
5. Cardiovascular collapse
6. Hypotensive states
7. Respiratory disease
8. Alcoholics.
Special Precautions while taking Metformin1. Alcohol intake can precipitate severe lactic acidosis
2. Vitamin B12deficiency
3. In malnourished and deliberate individuals
4. Adrenal insufficiency
5. Pituitary insufficiency.
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationContraindicatedIndications for MetforminNon-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (as adjunct to diet and exercise).Interactions for MetforminN/ATypical Dosage for MetforminAdults: Initial dose: 250mg twice or thrice daily with meals. Increase gradually at 2 week intervals, if required to a maximum of 3g daily.
Children: Not applicable. Schedule of MetforminGStorage Requirements for MetforminStore at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. in a well closed container.Keep out of reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of MetforminTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the doseEffects of Overdose of MetforminProvide supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Remove accumulated drug from the body by haemodialysis.Rosiglitazone
About RosiglitazoneThiazolidinedione derivative, Oral anti-diabetic.Mechanism of Action of RosiglitazoneThe drug exerts antidiabetic action by acting as a selective agonist for the nuclear "peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Gama (PPAR Gama); which enhances the transcription of several insulin responsive genes. It reverses insulin resistance by stimulating GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) expression and translocation and improves entry of glucose in to muscle and adipose tissue. It also suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis. Activation of genes regulating fatty acid metabolism and lipogenesis in adipose tissue also contributes to the insulin sensitizing action of drug. It reduces blood glucose and HbA1c; improves glycaemic control and lowers circulating levels of Insulin.
Pharmacokinets of RosiglitazoneAbsorption: Well absorbed orally and bioavailability is about 99%, Distribution: Widely distributed in a highly protein bound form, Metabolism: Extensively metabolized in the body. Primarily metabolized through N-demethylation and hydroxylation; with subsequent conjugation, Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine (64%) and rest is excreted through faeces.Onset of Action for RosiglitazoneN/ADuration of Action for Rosiglitazone12 to 24 hoursHalf Life of Rosiglitazone3 to 4 hoursSide Effects of Rosiglitazone1. Oedema
2. Plasma volume expansion
3. Weight gain
4. Headache
5. Myalgia
6. Mild anaemia
7. Back pain
Contra-indications of Rosiglitazone1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Hepatic impairment
3. Cogestive heart failure
4. Patients with moderately severe to severe cardiac disease (New York Heart Association class III and class IV cardiac diseases)
5. Incresed liver enzyme levels(ALT level greater than 2. 5 times than normal)
6. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
7. Diabetic ketoacidosis.
Special Precautions while taking Rosiglitazone1.Cardiac diseases
2.AlcoholicsPregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationMay be usedBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationContraindicatedIndications for Rosiglitazone1. Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (as adjunct to diet and exercise)Interactions for RosiglitazoneMetformin: The pharmacokinetics of rosiglitazone was not altered following its concurrent administration in healthy volunteers.
Acarbose: Coadministration had no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of rosiglitazone.Typical Dosage for RosiglitazoneOral: Starts with 4mg once daily in the morning or as two divided doses in the morning and evening. Increases the dose to 8mg once daily or as two divided doses; If fasting glucose levels does not improves after 12 weeks. Schedule of RosiglitazoneN/AStorage Requirements for RosiglitazoneStore at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C.; in a well closed container. Protect from moisture. Keep out of reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of RosiglitazoneTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of RosiglitazoneProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Home Delivery for Metformin + Rosiglitazone in Your City
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Please be aware that you should take metformin + rosiglitazone only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for metformin + rosiglitazone before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for metformin + rosiglitazone with the pharmacy.
Metformin + Rosiglitazone is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for metformin + rosiglitazone might be better known than metformin + rosiglitazone itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have metformin + rosiglitazone in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for metformin + rosiglitazone.