Gliclazide Pharmacology

Gliclazide

About Gliclazide
First generation Sulfonylurea, Oral Antidiabetic Agent.
Mechanism of Action of Gliclazide
It is an antidiabetic drug which exerts it`s action by increasing insulin release from the pancreas and by improving glucose tolerance. It acts on the "sulfonylurea receptors" on pancreatic ?-cell membrane and reduces conductance of ATP sensitive K+ channels and thus causes depolarization. This enhances Ca2+ influx and degranultion and thus increases insulin secretion rate at any glucose concentration. It primarily increases 2nd phase insulin secretion and has little effect on 1st phase. It also slows hepatic degradation of insulin and minor action of reducing glucagon release and increasing Somatostatin release. It also exerts extrapancreatic action; by sensitizing the target tissues such as liver to insulin action. It increases the number of insulin receptors and through a post receptor action improving translation of receptor activation. It also possesses anti-platelet action and also reduces free radicals.
Pharmacokinets of Gliclazide
Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Distributed in to extra cellular fluids and shows protein binding up to 94%.
Metabolism: Almost completely metabolized in to inactive metabolites in liver.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine and also through faeces as metabolites.
Onset of Action for Gliclazide
N/A
Duration of Action for Gliclazide
12 to 24 hours
Half Life of Gliclazide
8 to 20 hours
Side Effects of Gliclazide
1. Hypoglycemia
2. Nausea
3. Vomiting
4. Diarrhoea
5. Constipation
6. Headache
7. Paresthesia
8. Hypersensitivity reactions
9. Rashes
10. Photosensitivity
11. Purpura
12. Transient leucopenia
13. Agranulocytosis
14. Blood dyscrasias
Contra-indications of Gliclazide
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Diabetic ketoacidosis
3. Diabetic coma
4. Renal impairment
5. Hepatic impairment
Special Precautions while taking Gliclazide
1. Malnourished and deliberate individuals
2. Periods of metabolic stress
3. Hepatic diseases
4. Renal diseases
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
Indications for Gliclazide
1. Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
2. Diabetes mellitus with vascular complications
3. Diabetes with or without obesity
Interactions for Gliclazide
Hypoglycaemic effect of gliclazide is enhanced by: Anticoagulants, Androgens, Chloramphenicol, Clofibrate, Fenfluramine, Fluconazole, Gemfibrozil, Histamine H2 antagonists, Magnesium Salts, Methyldopa, MAOIs, Phenylbutazone, Probenecid, Salicylates, Sulfinpyrazone, Sulfonamides, TCAs, & Urinary acidifiers.
Hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide inhibited by the following drugs: b-blockers, Cholestyramine, Diazoxide, Hydantoins, Rifampicin, Thiazide diuretics & Urinary alkalisers.
Charcoal: Reduces the absorption of gliclazide thus reducing its efficacy or toxicity.
Digitalis glycosides: Co-administration results in increased digitalis serum levels.
Typical Dosage for Gliclazide
80mg twice daily. Adjust the dosage up to 160mg twice daily based on patient`s response if required.
Schedule of Gliclazide
H
Storage Requirements for Gliclazide
Store at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C.in a well closed container away fro light. Protect from excess heat and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Gliclazide
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Gliclazide
Mild hypoglycemia can be treated with oral glucose and dosage adjustment. If there is loss of consciousness or neurological findings the patient should receive rapid injection of dextrose 50%; followed by continuous infusion of dextrose 10% at a rate to maintain blood glucose levels greater than 100mg/dl. Monitor patient for 24 to 48 hours.

Home Delivery for Gliclazide in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including gliclazide.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for gliclazide and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for gliclazide may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take gliclazide only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for gliclazide before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for gliclazide with the pharmacy.

Gliclazide is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for gliclazide might be better known than gliclazide itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have gliclazide in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for gliclazide.