Chlorpropamide Pharmacology

Chlorpropamide

About Chlorpropamide
Antidiabetic Agent, Sulfonylurea derivative, Oral hypoglycemic agent for type ? II diabetes.
Mechanism of Action of Chlorpropamide
The drug exerts it`s action by increasing insulin release from the pancreas and by improving glucose tolerance. It acts on the "sulfonylurea receptors" on pancreatic ?-cell membrane and reduces conductance of ATP sensitive K+ channels and thus causes depolarization. This enhances Ca2+ influx and degranultion and thus increases insulin secretion rate at any glucose concentration. It primarily increases 2nd phase insulin secretion and has little effect on 1st phase. It also slows hepatic degradation of insulin and minor action of reducing glucagon release and increasing Somatostatin release. It also exerts extrapancreatic action; by sensitizing the target tissues such as liver to insulin action. It increases the number of insulin receptors and through a post receptor action improving translation of receptor activation.
Pharmacokinets of Chlorpropamide
Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Distributed in a protein bound form, Metabolism: About 80% of the drug is metabolized in to metabolites, Excretion: Excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Chlorpropamide
Within 60minutes
Duration of Action for Chlorpropamide
36 to 48hours
Half Life of Chlorpropamide
30 to 36 hours
Side Effects of Chlorpropamide
1.Hypoglycaemia
2.Nausea
3.Vomiting
4.Diarrhoea
5.Constipation
6.Headache
7.Presthesia
8.Weight gain
9.Hypersensitivity reactions
10.Rashes
11.Photosensitivity
12.Purpura
13.Transient leucopenia
14.Agranulocytosis
15.Cholestatic jaundice
16.Dilutional hyponatraemia
17.Alcohol intolerance.
Contra-indications of Chlorpropamide
1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Type1 diabetes mellitus
3.Diabetes that can be adequately controlled by diet
4.Infection
5.Stress
6.Hepatitis
7.Cirrhosis
8.Alcoholics
9.Cardiac disease
10.Renal impairment
Special Precautions while taking Chlorpropamide
1.Hepatic impairment
2.Cardiac failure
3.Respiratory failure
4.Ischaemic vascular disease
5.Pancreatitis
6.Porphyria
7.Malnourished individuals
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
Indications for Chlorpropamide
1.Maturity onset non ketotic diabetes
2.Neurogenic diabetes insipidus.
Interactions for Chlorpropamide
Alcohol: Dilsulfiram like reaction - flushing of face and neck region.
Androgens, Anticoagulants, Chloramphenicol, Clofibrate, Fenfluramine, Fluconazole, Gemfibrozil, Histamine H2 antagonists, Magnesium salts, Methyldopa, MAOIs, Phenylbutazone, Probenecid, Salicylates, Sulfinpyrazone, Sulfonamides, TCAs, Urinary acidifiers: Enhance the hypoglycemic effect of chlorpropamide due to various mechanisms.
Beta-Blockers, Cholestyramine, Diazoxide, Hydantoins, Rifampicin, Thiazide diuretics & Urinary alkalizers: Decrease hypoglycemic effect of chlorpropamide due to various mechanisms.
Charcoal: Reduces the absorption of chlorpropamide leading to decrease in efficacy or toxicity.
Digitalis Glycosides: Increase serum levels.
Typical Dosage for Chlorpropamide
Oral: Starts with 100 to 250mg once daily with breakfast or in divided doses; if gastrointestinal disturbances occur. Adjust the dosage by increments of 50 to 125mg daily at every 3 to 5 days.
Maximum dose: 500mg/day
Schedule of Chlorpropamide
G
Storage Requirements for Chlorpropamide
Store at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C.in a well closed container. Protect from excess heat and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Chlorpropamide
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Chlorpropamide
Mild hypoglycemia can be treated with oral glucose and dosage adjustment. If there is loss of consciousness or neurological findings the patient should receive rapid injection of dextrose 50%; followed by continuous infusion of dextrose 10% at a rate to maintain blood glucose levels greater than 100mg/dl. Monitor patient for 3 to 5 days.

Home Delivery for Chlorpropamide in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including chlorpropamide.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for chlorpropamide and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for chlorpropamide may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take chlorpropamide only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for chlorpropamide before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for chlorpropamide with the pharmacy.

Chlorpropamide is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for chlorpropamide might be better known than chlorpropamide itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have chlorpropamide in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for chlorpropamide.