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- Pharmacology For Salbutamol + Etophylline + Bromhexine
Salbutamol + Etophylline + Bromhexine Pharmacology
Salbutamol + Etophylline + Bromhexine
About Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AMechanism of Action of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/APharmacokinets of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AOnset of Action for Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/ADuration of Action for Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AHalf Life of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/ASide Effects of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AContra-indications of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AInteractions for Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/ATypical Dosage for Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/ASchedule of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AStorage Requirements for Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/AEffects of Overdose of Salbutamol + Etophylline + BromhexineN/ASalbutamol
About SalbutamolBeta2-Adrenergic Agonist, Phenethylamine derivative, Bronchodilator(Antiasthma), uterine relaxant.Mechanism of Action of SalbutamolSalbutamol is a short acting ?2 receptor agonist. It selectively stimulates ?2 receptors present in airway, Uterus, and Vascular Smooth muscles. It directly relaxes the airway smooth muscles and produces bronchodilation. Stimulation of ?2 receptors activates Gs adenylyl-cyclase -cyclic AMP path way and produces reduction in smooth muscle tone. ?2 receptor agonists also increases the conductance of large Ca2+sensitive K+ channels in airway smooth muscles and leads to membrane hyperpolarisation and relaxation of smooth muscles.
?2 receptor agonists also suppress the release of Leukotrienes and histamine from the mast cells in the lung tissue and enhance mucociliary function and decrease micro vascular permeability and also inhibits Phospholipase A2 which produces inhibition of prostaglandins production. Thus Salbutamol can inhibit the broncho-constriction produced by inflammatory mediators. Salbutamol is effective in the management of preterm labour.
Pharmacokinets of SalbutamolAbsorption: It is well absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: Salbutamol does not cross the blood brain barrier.
Metabolism: It is metabolised to inactive metabolites in the liver
Excretion: Salbutamol is excreted primarily in the urine and small amount in the faeces.
Onset of Action for Salbutamol15 - 30 minutesDuration of Action for Salbutamol6 - 12 hoursHalf Life of Salbutamol4 hoursSide Effects of Salbutamol1. Drowsiness
2. Headache
3. Dizziness
4. Nervousness
5. Tremor
6. Weakness
7. Palpitations
8. Tachycardia
9. Arrhythmia
10. Vomiting
11. Nausea
12. Heartburn
13. Diaphoresis
14. Hypokalaemia (high dose)
Contra-indications of Salbutamol1.Hypersensitivity to Salbutamol and other sympathomimetic amines.Special Precautions while taking Salbutamol1. Myocardial insufficiency
2. Arrhythmia
3. Hypertension
4. Hyperthyroidism
5. Epilepsy
6. Diabetes
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution.Old Age Related InformationUse with caution.Breast Feeding Related InformationUse with caution.Children Related InformationUse with caution
Below 6 years: contraindicatedIndications for Salbutamol1. Obstructive airway diseases
2. Acute Bronchospasm
3. Status asthmaticus
4. Premature labour
Interactions for SalbutamolBeclomethasone, Theophylline: Enhances respiratory function.
Beta-blockers: Inhibit bronchodilator effect.
Diuretics and Xanthines: Increased risk of hypokalemia.
Digitalis: Increased risk of digitalis toxicity when salbutamol is given in hilgh doses due to hypokalaemia.Typical Dosage for SalbutamolAdult:
Oral:
Immediate release tablet: 2 - 4 mg every 6 - 8 hours daily, maximum dose 32mg / day
Sustained release tablets: 8 mg / day in 2 divided doses and if sufficient response does not obtained then dose can be gradually increased to 16mg / day in 2 divided doses
Children: 6 - 14 years
Syrup: 6 - 8mg / day in 3 - 4 divided doses and if needed dose can be increased maximum up to 24mg / day
Uterine Relaxant: (I.V) 4 to 32 mcg/minutes
Schedule of SalbutamolHStorage Requirements for SalbutamolStore at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of SalbutamolTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of SalbutamolGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal.Etophylline
About EtophyllinePurine (Xanthine )derivative:Theophylline analogs & derivatives, Bronchodilator Agents ,Antiasthmatic.Mechanism of Action of EtophyllineEtophylline is the ethyl salt of Theophylline.It inhibit phosphodiesterase enzyme which degrades cyclic nucleotides intracellularly and it results the cyclic AMP accumulation in the cell. This cause bronchodialatation, cardiac stimulation and vasodilatation. This drug release calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulam, especially in cardiac muscles and results increased cardiac muscle contraction. This drug also blocks adenosine receptors (adenosine acts as a local mediator in CNS & CVS and other organs- which contracts smooth muscles, especially in bronchi, blood vessels etc). This results bronchodialatation and vasodialatation.Pharmacokinets of EtophyllineAbsorption- Well absorbed after oral administration. Rapidly and well absorbed after intravenous administration
Distribution- Widely distributed in the body. 40% bound to the plasma proteins.
Metabolism- Metabolized in the liver to its metabolites by demethylation and oxidation. 1-methyluric acid is its metabolite
Excretion- Excreted through urine
Onset of Action for Etophylline15 to 60 min. after oral administration and 15 minutes after intravenous administrationDuration of Action for EtophyllineN/AHalf Life of EtophyllineIts plasma half life is 8 hrsSide Effects of Etophylline1. Upset stomach
2. Stomach pain
3. Diarrhea
4. Headache
5. Restlessness
6. Insomnia
7. Irritability
8. Vomiting
9. Increased or rapid heart rate
10. Irregular heartbeat
11. Seizures
12. Skin rash
Contra-indications of Etophylline1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Peptic ulcer
3. Underlying seizure disorders
Special Precautions while taking Etophylline1.Heart disease
2.Liver disease
3.Peptic ulcer
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Etophylline1. Asthma
2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3. Chronic bronchitis
4. Emphysema
5. It can be used in premature infants who stop breathing
Interactions for EtophyllineN/ATypical Dosage for EtophyllineUp to 1.5 g / daySchedule of EtophyllineN/AStorage Requirements for EtophyllineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of EtophyllineN/AEffects of Overdose of EtophyllineN/ABromhexine
About BromhexineMucolytic (secretolytic)Mechanism of Action of BromhexineBromhexine hydrochloride acts as a mucokinetic and mucolytic agent. It decreases mucus viscosity by altering its structure. It depolymerises mucopolysaccharides directly as well as by liberating lysosomal enzymes and network of fibres in tenacious sputum is broken. It induces thin copious bronchial secretion.Pharmacokinets of BromhexineAbsorption: Bromhexine hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and bioavailability is about 20%. Distribution: It is widely distributed to body tissues in a highly protein bound form; Bromhexine crosses the blood brain barrier and small amounts cross the placenta, Metabolism: It undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. Excretion: It is excreted primarily in the urine mainly as metabolites.Onset of Action for BromhexineN/ADuration of Action for BromhexineN/AHalf Life of Bromhexine12hours.Side Effects of Bromhexine1 Rhinorrhoea
2 Lacrimations
3.Allergic reactions
4.Gastric irritation.Contra-indications of BromhexineHypersensitivity to the drug.Special Precautions while taking Bromhexine1. Hepatic impairment
2. Renal impairment
3. Gastric and duodenal ulcer
4. Convulsive disorders
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Bromhexine1. As Expectorant and mucolytic
2. Conditions associated with production of viscid mucous
3. Bronchitis
4. Pharyngitis
5. Laryngitis
6. Rhinitis
7. Sinusitis
8. Asthmatic bronchitis
9. Mucous bronchiectasis
10.Chronic Pneumonia.Interactions for BromhexineN/ATypical Dosage for BromhexineOral: 8mg thrice daily.
Children (5 to 10 years): 4mg thrice daily
Children (1 to 5 years): 4mg twice daily.
Schedule of BromhexineHStorage Requirements for BromhexineStore in a cool dry place and protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of BromhexineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of BromhexineProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Home Delivery for Salbutamol + Etophylline + Bromhexine in Your City
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Salbutamol + Etophylline + Bromhexine is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for salbutamol + etophylline + bromhexine might be better known than salbutamol + etophylline + bromhexine itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have salbutamol + etophylline + bromhexine in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for salbutamol + etophylline + bromhexine.