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- Pharmacology For Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + Diphenhydramine
Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + Diphenhydramine Pharmacology
Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + Diphenhydramine
About Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AMechanism of Action of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/APharmacokinets of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AOnset of Action for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/ADuration of Action for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AHalf Life of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/ASide Effects of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AContra-indications of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AInteractions for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/ATypical Dosage for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/ASchedule of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AStorage Requirements for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/AEffects of Overdose of Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + DiphenhydramineN/ASodium citrate
About Sodium citrateSodium compound,citrates, Urinary alkalinizing agent, a directly acing expectorant.Mechanism of Action of Sodium citrateSodium citrate is an alkalinizing agent which is used to make the urine more alkaline (less acidic).It prevents certain kinds of kidney stones and also relieve discomfort in mild urinary tract infections such as cystitis. Sodium citrate also makes the blood more alkaline in certain conditions. Sodium citrate is a directly acing expectorant which increases bronchial secretion by salt action.Pharmacokinets of Sodium citrateAbsorption: Administered orally, Metabolism: Metabolized in to sodium bicarbonate, Excretion: Excreted through urine.Onset of Action for Sodium citrateN/ADuration of Action for Sodium citrateN/AHalf Life of Sodium citrateN/ASide Effects of Sodium citrate1. Polyuria
2. Hypernatremia
3. Metabolic alkalosis
4. Diarrhea
5. Loose bowel movements
6. Allergic reactions (rare)
7. Chest pain (rare)
8. Shortness of breath (rare)
Contra-indications of Sodium citrateHypersensitivity to the drugSpecial Precautions while taking Sodium citrate1. Renal impairment
2. Edema
3. Hypertension
4. Patients on a sodium restricted diet
5. Along with other medication
6. Addison`s disease
7. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
8. Chronic Diarrhea
9. Cardiac diseases
10. Toxemia of pregnancy
11. Urinary tract infections
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Sodium citrate1. Expectorant
2. Kidney stones
3. Cystitis
4. Gout
5. Urine and blood alkaliniser
6. Symptomatic treatment of nausea and vomiting
Interactions for Sodium citrateN/ATypical Dosage for Sodium citrateOral:
Expectorant: 0.3 to 1g
As alkaliniser: Dosage individualized and varies in different combinations Symptomatic treatment of nausea and vomiting: Use 5%Sodium citrate in the following doses:
Adults: 2 to3 g; 3 to 4 times daily.
Children (up to 3 months): 0.05 g;
Children (3 to 6 months): 0.1 g;
Children (6 to 12 months): 0.25 g;
Children (2 to 3 years): 0.30 g;
Children (4 to 7 years): 0.50 g;
Children (8 to 14 years): 1 to 2 g; 3 to 4 times daily
Schedule of Sodium citrateN/AStorage Requirements for Sodium citrateStore in a cool dry area in a tightly closed container. Protect from direct light, heat, and moistureEffects of Missed Dosage of Sodium citrateTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Sodium citrateProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Ammonium chloride
About Ammonium chlorideAmmonium compound, Acidifier,Expectorant.Mechanism of Action of Ammonium chlorideN/APharmacokinets of Ammonium chlorideN/AOnset of Action for Ammonium chlorideN/ADuration of Action for Ammonium chlorideN/AHalf Life of Ammonium chlorideN/ASide Effects of Ammonium chlorideN/AContra-indications of Ammonium chlorideN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Ammonium chlorideN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Ammonium chlorideN/AInteractions for Ammonium chlorideN/ATypical Dosage for Ammonium chlorideN/ASchedule of Ammonium chlorideN/AStorage Requirements for Ammonium chlorideN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Ammonium chlorideN/AEffects of Overdose of Ammonium chlorideN/APseudoephedrine
About PseudoephedrineAlpha/Beta Adrenergic Agonist, a phenethylamine derivative, A nasal decongestant.Mechanism of Action of PseudoephedrineIt is a nasal decongestant with alpha-2 agonistic action. It produces local vasoconstriction, reduces blood flow, and causes shrinkage of mucosa which provides relief of nasal congestion. It reduces oedema of the nasal mucosa, thus improving ventilation, drainage and nasal stuffiness.Pharmacokinets of PseudoephedrineAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the body, Metabolism: Partially metabolized in liver by N-demethylation, Excretion: Excreted through urine mainly as unchanged drug and also as metabolites.Onset of Action for Pseudoephedrine30 minutesDuration of Action for Pseudoephedrine4 to 8 hoursHalf Life of PseudoephedrineN/ASide Effects of Pseudoephedrine1. Rise in blood pressure
2. Tachycardia
3. Arrhythmias
4. CNS stimulation
5. Restlessness
6. Insomnia
7. Anxiety
8. Tremors
9. Skin rashes
10. Urinary retention
11. Respiratory difficulties
Contra-indications of Pseudoephedrine1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Severe hypertension
3. Coronary artery disease
4. Patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or who have taken MAOIs within the previous 14 days
5. Extended release preparations are contraindicated in children below 12 yearsSpecial Precautions while taking Pseudoephedrine1. Hypertension
2. Cardiac diseases
3. Diabetes
4. Glaucoma
5. Prostatic hyperplasia
6. Hyperthyroidism
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Pseudoephedrine1. Nasal and Eustachian tube congestion
2.Upper respiratory tract congestion
3.Adjunctive therapy in symptomatic relief of common cold, allergic rhinitis, blocked Eustachian tube, and upper respiratory tract infectionsInteractions for PseudoephedrineN/ATypical Dosage for PseudoephedrineOral:
Adults and children over 12 years: 60mg 3 to 4 times daily
Maximum dose: 240mg/day
Children (age 6 to 12): 30mg 3 to 4 times daily
Maximum dose: 120mg/day
Children (age 2 to 6): 15mg 3 to 4 times daily
Maximum dose: 60mg/day or 4mg/kg.
Schedule of PseudoephedrineN/AStorage Requirements for PseudoephedrineStore at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. Keep out of reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of PseudoephedrineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose
Effects of Overdose of PseudoephedrineContinue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Over dosage and poisoning: Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures. Perform emesis and gastric lavage within 4 hours of ingestion. If renal function is adequate forced diuresis will increase elimination of the drug. (Do not force diuresis in severe poisoning). Monitor and assist vital signs, cardiac state and electrolyte balance. Treat cardiac toxicity with Propranolol or other effective drugs. Treat seizures with Diazepam (I.V.) and give dilute Potassium chloride solution for hypokalaemia.
Diphenhydramine
About DiphenhydramineFirst Generation H1 Antagonist ,Ethanolamine derivative, Antihistamine, antiemetic, antivertigo,sedative, and hypnotic.Mechanism of Action of DiphenhydramineAntiallergic action: It produces its antihistamine action by competitively blocking H1 receptors. It binds to the H1 receptors present in the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi, large blood vessels and uterus and inhibit Histamine induced allergic symptoms. They do not inhibit the release of Histamine.
Antivertigo and antiemetic actions: Central antimuscarinic actions of antihistamines are responsible for these effects of Diphenhydramine.
Parkinsonism: Acetyl choline receptor antagonists are used for the treatment of Parkinsonism. Diphenhydramine reduces the unbalanced cholinergic activity in striatum of parkinsonian patients.
Antitussive action: Diphenhydramine suppresses the cough reflex by a direct effect on the cough centre.
Migraine: Diphenhydramine is used in migraine due to its sedative as well as antiemetic actions.
Pharmacokinets of DiphenhydramineAbsorption: It is well absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: Diphenhydramine is widely distributed in the body including CNS in protein bound form. Metabolism: It is extensively metabolised in the liver. Excretion: Excreted primarily in urineOnset of Action for Diphenhydramine15 minutesDuration of Action for Diphenhydramine6 - 8 hoursHalf Life of Diphenhydramine2.5 - 9 hoursSide Effects of Diphenhydramine1.Headache
2.Dry mouth
3.Rash
4.Thrombocytopenia
5.Anaemia
6.Anorexia
7.Insomnia
8.Confusion
9.Dizziness
10.Fatigue
11.Nausea
12.Abdominal pain
13.Urine retention
14.Thickening of bronchial secretions.
Contra-indications of Diphenhydramine1.Hypersensitivity to Diphenhydramine
2.Porphyria.
Special Precautions while taking Diphenhydramine1.Hypertension
2.Asthma
3.Hyperthyroidism
4.Angle closure glaucoma
5.Prostatic hyperplasia
6.Urinary tract obstruction
7.Use with caution while operating machine, driving vehicle or activities requiring mental alertness
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution.Old Age Related InformationUse with caution.Breast Feeding Related InformationContraindicated.Children Related InformationUse with caution
NEONATES: contraindicated
Indications for Diphenhydramine1.Parkinson`s disease
2.Motion sickness
3.Rhinitis
4.Allergy disorders
5.Insomnia
6.Productive cough
7.Vertigo
8.Migraine
Interactions for DiphenhydramineIncompatibility reported with amphotericin, cephalothine sodium, hydrocortisone, sodium succinate, some soluble barbiturates, some contrast media.Typical Dosage for DiphenhydramineAdult: 25 - 50 mg 3 - 4 times daily. Dosage should be individualised according to the needs and the response of the patient
Nonproductive cough: 100 mg / day in 4-6 times daily.
Insomnia: 50 mg at bed time
Children above 12 years: 25 - 50 mg 3 - 4 times daily. Dosage should be individualised according to the needs and the response of the patient
Nonproductive cough: 100 mg / day in 4-6 divided dose
Insomnia: 50 mg at bed time
Children age 2 -12 years: 12.5 - 25 mg 3 - 4 times daily. Dosage should be individualised according to the needs and the response of the patient.
Maximum dose: 300mg / day
Nonproductive cough: 6.25 - 12.5 mg in 4-6 times daily. Dosage should be individualised according to the needs and the response of the patient
Schedule of DiphenhydramineGStorage Requirements for DiphenhydramineStore at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat, light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of DiphenhydramineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of DiphenhydramineGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal. Hypotension can be counteracted by administration of vasopressors and seizure with Phenytoin or Diazepam.Home Delivery for Sodium citrate + Ammonium chloride + Pseudoephedrine + Diphenhydramine in Your City
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