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- Pharmacology For Bisoprolol + Hydrochlorothiazide
Bisoprolol + Hydrochlorothiazide Pharmacology
Bisoprolol + Hydrochlorothiazide
About Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AMechanism of Action of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/APharmacokinets of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AOnset of Action for Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/ADuration of Action for Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AHalf Life of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/ASide Effects of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AContra-indications of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/APregnancy Related InformationContraindicated; since Hydrochlorothiazide is contraindicated in pregnancy, the combination generic cannot be used in pregnancyOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicated; since Hydrochlorothiazide is contraindicated in lactation, the combination generic cannot be used in breast feeding.Children Related InformationN/AIndications for Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideIt is the combination of beta blocker Bisoprolol and diuretic Hydrochlorothiazide.
Hypertention
Interactions for Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/ATypical Dosage for Bisoprolol + Hydrochlorothiazide1 tablet / daySchedule of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AStorage Requirements for Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/AEffects of Overdose of Bisoprolol + HydrochlorothiazideN/ABisoprolol
About BisoprololBeta1-selective adrenergic blocker, Antihypertensive.Mechanism of Action of BisoprololBisoprolol is a cardio selective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist.It has negative chronotropic and negative inotropic effects on heart. It decreases oxygen consumption; cardiac work and aortic pressure. It decreases central sympathetic out flow and also decreases nor adrenaline and renin releases. The drug decreases BP in hypertensive individuals.
Pharmacokinets of BisoprololAbsorption: well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed. Metabolism: Metabolized in liver. Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine & a small portion is excreted through faeces.Onset of Action for Bisoprolol1 to 4hoursDuration of Action for Bisoprolol24hoursHalf Life of Bisoprolol9 to12hoursSide Effects of Bisoprolol1.Heart failure
2.Heart block
3.Nightmares
4.Gastrointestinal problems
5.Nausea
6.Tiredness
7.Sinus bradycardia
8.Depression
9.Rash
10.Hypotension
11Dizziness
12.Depression
13.Fatigue
14.Vomiting
15.Diarrhoea
16.Constipation
17.Headache
18.Bronhospasm
19.Sleep disturbances
20.Cold extremities
21.Rhinitis
22.Sinusitis
23.Edema
24.Impotence
25.Coughing
26.Myalgia
27.Arthralgia
Contra-indications of Bisoprolol1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Second or third degree heart block
3.Congestive heart failure
4.Cardiogenic shock
5.Sinus Bradycardia
6.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
7.Bronchial asthma
9.Peripheral arteriolar disorders
10.Renal impairment.
Special Precautions while taking Bisoprolol1.Left ventricular failure
2.Hepatic impairment
3.The drug should be gradually withdraw with caution
4.Respiratory disorders
5.Diabetes mellitus
6.General Anaesthesia
7.Thyrotoxicosis
8.Use with caution along with class-1 antiarrrythmic drugs & other anti hypertensive drugs.
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationContraindicatedIndications for Bisoprolol1.Hypertension
2.Coronary artery diseases
Interactions for BisoprololAlcohol, Anxiolytics and Hypnotics, Cimetidine, Diuretics: Enhanced hypotensive effect.
Analgesics: NSAIDs antagonise hypotensive effect.
Antidiabetics: Enhanced hypoglycaemic effect.
Calcium channel blockers: Increase risk of bradycardia and AV block with diltiazem, severe hypotension and heart failure with verapamil, nifedipine.
Cardiac glycosides: Increased AV Block and brandycardia.
Cholinergics: Effects antagonised by bisoprolol.
Corticosteroids: Antagonism of hypotensive effect.
Sympathomimetics: Severe hypertension with adrenaline and noradrenaline.Typical Dosage for Bisoprolol2.5mg to 10mg 0nce daily depending upon the patient`s response
Maximum dose: 20mg/day
Schedule of BisoprololHStorage Requirements for BisoprololStore at room temperature in a well closed container. Keep out of reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of BisoprololTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of BisoprololTreatment is supportive and symptomatic. After ingestion empty the stomach by induced emesis or gastric lavage. Administer activated charcoal to reduce absorption. . Treat Bradycardia with atropine. If required administer isoproterinol with caution; in heart block. Treat hypotension with glucagons and vasopressors like epinephrine. Treat cardiac failure with diuretics and cardiac glycosides. Treat Bronhospasm with isoproterinol and aminophylline. Treat hypoglycemia with glucose Hydrochlorothiazide
About HydrochlorothiazideThiazide derivatibve, Diuretic.Mechanism of Action of HydrochlorothiazideIt is thiazide diuretic which exerts its action by acting at site-3(central dilating segment of early distal tubule). It binds to Na+Cl- symporter and inhibits Na+Cl- symport at the luminal membrane. It has additional carbonic anhydrase inhibitory actions in proximal tubules. It increases natriuresis, kaliuresis and diuresis. It decreases Ca2+ excretion and increases Mg2+excretion. It also has minor carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action. It also causes direct arteriolar vasodilatation and decreases total peripheral resistance. The antihypertensive actions of the drug may be attributable to depletion of sodium and subsequent reduction in plasma volume and a decrease in peripheral resistance. Decrease in peripheral resistance is due to either the loss of sodium from the arteriolar wall or a direct action on the vascular bed. It is an effective drug in edema associated with congestive heart failure.
Vertigo: Diuretics are used in vertigo in assumption that vertigo is due to endolymphatic hydrops. They reduce labyrinthine fluid pressure
Pharmacokinets of HydrochlorothiazideAbsorption: It is absorbed after oral administration.
Metabolism: It is not metabolized in the body.
Excretion: Excreted unchanged in urine.
Onset of Action for Hydrochlorothiazide1 to 3 hoursDuration of Action for Hydrochlorothiazide12 to 16 hoursHalf Life of Hydrochlorothiazide5 to 15 hoursSide Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide1. Dizziness
2. Blurred vision
3. Confusion
4. Tingling fingers
5. Dry mouth
6. Nausea
7. Diarrhoea
8. Constipation
9. Vomiting
10. Weakness
11. Hypokalaemia
12. Hyponatraemia
13. Hyperuricaemia
14. Elevated levels of glucose, calcium and lipids
15. Gastro intestinal disturbances
16. Polyuria
17. Electrolyte imbalance
18. Jaundice
19. Rashes
20. Photosensitivity
21. Fever
22. Itching
23. Myalgia
24. Muscle cramps
25. Arthralgia
26. Blood dyscrasias
27. Ototoxicity
Contra-indications of Hydrochlorothiazide1. Hyper uricaemia
2. Hyper calcaemia
3. Renal impairment
4. Hepatic impairment
5. Anuria
6. Hypersensitivity to the drug
7. Hyper sensitivity to sulfonamides
8. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Special Precautions while taking Hydrochlorothiazide1. Gout
2. Diabetes mellitus
3. Renal impairment
4. Hepatic impairment
5. Monitor and correct Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
6. Hyper parathyroidism
7. Cirrhosis
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Hydrochlorothiazide1. Hypertension
2. Oedema associated with heart failure
3. Oedema due to renal and hepatic diseases
4. Diabetes insipidus
5. Idiopathic hypercalciurea.
6. Vertigo
Interactions for HydrochlorothiazideCholestyramine & Colestipol: decrease absorption of hydrochlorothiazide.
Diazoxide: Additive action - may cause hyperglycemia, hyperuricaemia and hypotension.
Digitalis: Diuretics induced hypokalaemia may precipitate digitalis toxicity.
Lithium: Hydrochlorothiazide potentiates therapeutic and toxic effects by increasing its renal excretion.
Frusemide: Synergy leading to profound diuresis and greater than predicted electrolyte loss.
Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants: Diuretics induced hypokalaemia enhances efficacy.
Sulfonylureas: Efficacy decreased due to hydrochlorothiazide induced glucose intolerance.
Chlorpropamide: Hypokalaemia.
Propantheline: Bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide increased.
Metoclopramide: Bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide decreased.
NSAIDs: Natriuretic effect of hydrochlorothiazide decreased.
Typical Dosage for HydrochlorothiazideAdults:
Hypertension: 25mg once daily or in divided doses. Increased to 50mg if required; depending up on the patient`s response.
Children: 1mg/kg single daily dose.
Oedema:
Adults:
Starts with 25 to 50mg. Increased the dose until desired response is obtained.
Maximum dose: 200mg/day
Maintenance dosage: 25 to 100mg daily or on alternate days.
Children: 1mg/kg single daily dose or 1 to 3mg/kg/day in two divided doses
Schedule of HydrochlorothiazideGStorage Requirements for HydrochlorothiazideStore at room temperature in a well closed container and protected from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of HydrochlorothiazideTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule.Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of HydrochlorothiazideTreatment is supportive and symptomatic. Remove drug from the body by induced emesis and gastric lavage. Monitor and assist respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal function as indicated. Monitor and support fluid and electrolyte balance.Home Delivery for Bisoprolol + Hydrochlorothiazide in Your City
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