Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine Pharmacology

Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

About Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Mechanism of Action of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Pharmacokinets of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Onset of Action for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Duration of Action for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Half Life of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Side Effects of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Contra-indications of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Special Precautions while taking Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Interactions for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Typical Dosage for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Schedule of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Storage Requirements for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Effects of Overdose of Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine

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Trimethoprim

About Trimethoprim

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, Pyrimidine derivative, Anti-infective(bacteriostatic antibiotic).

Mechanism of Action of Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic and acts by interfering with the action of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleosides thymidine and uridine. Bacteria are unable to take up folic acid from the environment and are thus dependent on their own de novo synthesis.

Pharmacokinets of Trimethoprim

Absorption:It is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration.Distribution:It is widely distributed in the body.Half of the drug is distributed in protein bound form.Metabolism:About 20% is metabolised in the liver.Excretion:Most of the drug is excreted in urine.

Onset of Action for Trimethoprim

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Duration of Action for Trimethoprim

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Half Life of Trimethoprim

8 - 11 hours

Side Effects of Trimethoprim

1.Loss of appetite
2.Nausea
3.Vomiting
4.Diarrhoea
5.Abdominal pain
6.Abnormal taste
7.Swelling of the tongue.

Contra-indications of Trimethoprim

1.Hypersensitivity to Trimethoprim
2.Megaloblastic anaemia caused by folate deficiency

Special Precautions while taking Trimethoprim

1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Folate deficiency

Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Contraindicated

Children Related Information

Use with caution
Below 2 years:Contraindicated

Indications for Trimethoprim

1.Urinary tract infections
2.Traveler`s diarrhea
3.Respiratory Infection

Interactions for Trimethoprim

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Typical Dosage for Trimethoprim

200 mg/day in 2 divided doses for 10 days

Schedule of Trimethoprim

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Storage Requirements for Trimethoprim

Store at 15 - 30 degree C.Protect from heat,light and moisturiser.Keep out of the reach of children.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Trimethoprim

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule.Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Trimethoprim

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage.

Sulfadiazine

About Sulfadiazine

Short acting sulfonamide, Antibiotic.

Mechanism of Action of Sulfadiazine

Sulfadiazine is a short-acting sulfonamide. Sulfadiazine is a structural analogs and competitive antagonists of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). They inhibit normal bacterial utilization of PABA for the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, a compound that bacteria must be able to make in order to survive for the synthesis of folic acid, an important metabolite in DNA synthesis. It is usually given with Pyrimethamine in the treatment of Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum in a fixed dose formulation.
Sulfadiazine has also been used with other sulfonamides, particularly Sulfamerazine and Sulfadimidine, to reduce the problems of low solubility in urine.

Pharmacokinets of Sulfadiazine

Pharmaco Kinetic
Absorption: Sulfadiazine is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Distribution: About 20 - 55% of the drug is distributed in protein bound form.It penetrates into the CSF. Excretion: Drug and its metabolites are excreted in urine.

Onset of Action for Sulfadiazine

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Duration of Action for Sulfadiazine

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Half Life of Sulfadiazine

10 hours

Side Effects of Sulfadiazine

1.Loss of appetite
2.Diarrhoea.
3.Headache
4.Fatigue
5.Dizziness
6.Difficulty sleeping
7.Allergic reactions

Contra-indications of Sulfadiazine

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Special Precautions while taking Sulfadiazine

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Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated

Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

Contraindicated

Children Related Information

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Indications for Sulfadiazine

1.Nocardiosis
2.Lymphogranuloma venereum
3.Rheumatic fever in penicillin-allergic patients
4.Toxoplasmosis

Interactions for Sulfadiazine

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Typical Dosage for Sulfadiazine

Adult: Initial doses of 2 to 4 g, followed by up to 6 g daily in divided doses.
Children:
Initial dose: 75 mg/kg, then 150 mg/kg daily in divided doses to a maximum of 6 g daily. Infants less than 2 months:
Congenital toxoplasmosis: 50 mg/kg twice daily for 12 months
Toxoplasmosis (Immuno compromised patients): 4 to 6 g daily in 4 divided doses for at least 6 weeks, followed by 2 to 4 g daily
For the prophylaxis of rheumatic fever: 500mg - 1 g daily

Schedule of Sulfadiazine

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Storage Requirements for Sulfadiazine

Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Sulfadiazine

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Sulfadiazine

Give symptomatic and supportive treatment. Induce gastric lavage.

Home Delivery for Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including trimethoprim + sulfadiazine.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for trimethoprim + sulfadiazine and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for trimethoprim + sulfadiazine may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take trimethoprim + sulfadiazine only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for trimethoprim + sulfadiazine before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for trimethoprim + sulfadiazine with the pharmacy.

Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for trimethoprim + sulfadiazine might be better known than trimethoprim + sulfadiazine itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have trimethoprim + sulfadiazine in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for trimethoprim + sulfadiazine.