Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine Pharmacology

Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

About Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Mechanism of Action of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Pharmacokinets of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Onset of Action for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Duration of Action for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Half Life of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Side Effects of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Contra-indications of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Special Precautions while taking Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Contraindicated

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

Treatment of superficial bacterial and fungal infections of the external auditory canal and middle ear, caused by organisms susceptible to the action of Gentamicin and Clotrimazole.

Interactions for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Typical Dosage for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Schedule of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Storage Requirements for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Effects of Overdose of Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine

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Gentamicin

About Gentamicin

Aminoglycoside antibiotic.

Mechanism of Action of Gentamicin

Gentamicin exerts its bactericidal action against gram negative organisms & some of gram positive organisms by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. The process involves 1. Penetration of bacterial cell membrane & binding directly to the bacterial ribosome, 2. Misleading of m-RNA codon by bacterial ribosome, 3. Formation of peptide chains with wrong amino acid sequence which gets incorporated into bacterial cell membrane and alters its permeability, 4. Bacterial cell lysis. Some bacterial strains resistant to other amino glycosides are sensitive to Gentamicin.

Pharmacokinets of Gentamicin

Absorption: Poorly absorbed orally
Distribution: Distributed extracellularly. CSF penetration & intraocular penetration poor.
Metabolism: Not metabolized
Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine.

Onset of Action for Gentamicin

1 hour

Duration of Action for Gentamicin

8 hours

Half Life of Gentamicin

2 hours

Side Effects of Gentamicin

1. Vestibular damage & Ototoxicity
2. Allergic manifestations
3. Nephrotoxicity
4. Dizziness
5. Nausea
6. Vomiting
7. Seizures

Contra-indications of Gentamicin

1. Hypersensitive to the drug or other amino glycosides
2. Along with chloramphenicol or tetracycline
3. Renal impairment
4. Labyrinthine disorders

Special Precautions while taking Gentamicin

1. Renal impairment
2. Neuromuscular disorders

Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Contraindicated

Children Related Information

Use with caution
Infants : Use with caution

Indications for Gentamicin

1. Infections caused by staphylococci, pseudomonas, proteous, klebsiella, enterobacter & serratia.
2. Meningitis.
3. Endocarditis
4. Urinary Tract Infections.
5. Otitis & Ocular infections.
6. Infections of burns & Skin ulcers

Interactions for Gentamicin

Amphotericin B, Cisplatin, Cephalosporin, Vancomycin, Methoxyflurane, Frusemide, Bumetanide: Increased nephrotoxicity.
Anaesthetics, Neuromuscular blocking agents (Tubocurarine): Risk of neuromuscular blockade and respiratory paralysis.
Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin: Exert antibiotic synergism, especially useful in Pseudomonas infections.
Loop diuretics: Concurrent use of these agents may increase the risk of respiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction.
Lab Tests: Aminoglycoside serum levels: Guard against in vitro inactivation of aminoglycosides by b-lactum antibiotics in patients on combination therapy.

Typical Dosage for Gentamicin

Dosage:
Adults: 2 to 5mg/kg/day; Thrice daily for a week or more
Children: 2 to 2.5mg/kg; Thrice daily.

Schedule of Gentamicin

Storage Requirements for Gentamicin

Store below 30 degree Celsius and protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Gentamicin

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Gentamicin

An overdose results in ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular disorders & hypersensitivity manifestations.Treatment includes removal of drug by dialysis or by treatment with anticholinesterase like neostigmine and by administration of Ca , Prednisolone etc.

Clotrimazole

About Clotrimazole

A broad-spectrum antifungal antibiotic, imidazole derivative, Oral Nonabsorbed Antifungal Agent.

Mechanism of Action of Clotrimazole

Clotrimazole is fungicidal or fungistatic depending on the drug concentrations. It inhibits the conversion of Lanosterol to 14 demethyl Lanosterol by inhibiting the cytochromeP450 enzyme 14 alpha demethylase and impair ergosterol synthesis which is an essential constituent of cell membrane. Inhibition of ergosterol synthesis will alter the membrane permeability of the susceptible fungus and kill or inhibit them.

Pharmacokinets of Clotrimazole

Absorption: Absorption is minimal after topical administration.

Onset of Action for Clotrimazole

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Duration of Action for Clotrimazole

3 hours

Half Life of Clotrimazole

N/A

Side Effects of Clotrimazole

1.Stinging
2.Erythema
3.Burning
4.Pruritis
5.Vesication
6.Desquamation
7.Urticaria
8.Burning
9.Peeling
10.Irritation

Contra-indications of Clotrimazole

Hypersensitivity to Clotrimazole

Special Precautions while taking Clotrimazole

1.Avoid contact with eyes, nose and mouth.
2.Do not wear occlusive dress over the medicament.

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution.

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution.

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution.

Children Related Information

Use with caution.
NEONATES: contraindicated

Indications for Clotrimazole

1.Tinea pedis
2.Tinea cruris
3.Tinea versicolor
4.Tinea corporis
5.Cutaneous candidiasis
6.Vulvovaginal candidiasis

Interactions for Clotrimazole

Polyene Antibiotics : Antagonises effects of polyene antibiotics.

Typical Dosage for Clotrimazole

Topical: Clotrimazole cream, lotion and solution 1 % is used.
Clean and dry the affected area and apply the medicament with gentle massage 2 -3 times daily for 2 - 4 weeks.
Vaginal candidiasis: Insert 1 applicator full (vaginal cream 1%) intravaginally at night for 1 -2 weeks.
Vaginal tablets 100. 200 and 500mg tablet is available.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Insert 100mg tablet intravaginally at bed time for 7 consecutive days or 200 mg tablet for 3 consecutive days or 500 mg tablet for 1 day at night.
Oral lozenge 10 mg is available
Oropharyngeal candidiasis: 1 lozenge orally 5 times daily for 2 weeks
Prophylaxis of Oropharyngeal candidiasis: 1 lozenge is used 3 times daily
Gel: Insert with an applicator intravaginally at night for 1 - 2 weeks.
Powder (1% w/ w): dusted over the body parts as required

Schedule of Clotrimazole

Storage Requirements for Clotrimazole

Store at room temperature (15 - 25 degree C). Protect from heat and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children

Effects of Missed Dosage of Clotrimazole

Apply the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Clotrimazole

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Betamethasone dipropionate

About Betamethasone dipropionate

A synthetic glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory.

Mechanism of Action of Betamethasone dipropionate

The drug exerts it`s pharmacological action by penetrating and binding to cytoplasmic receptor protein and causes a structural change in steroid receptor complex. This structural change allows it`s migration in to the nucleus and then binding to specific sites on the DNA which leads to transcription of specific m-RNA and which ultimately regulates protein synthesis. It exerts highly selective glucocorticoid action. It stimulates the enzymes needed to decrease the inflammatory response.
The drug exerts anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant actions as follows: - 1) Induce lipocortins in macrophages, endothelium, and fibroblasts which inhibits phospholipase A2 and thus decreases the production of Prostaglandins, leukotriens (LT), and platelet activating factor, 2) Causes negative regulation of genes for cytokines in macrophages, endothelial cells and lymphocytes and thus decreases the production of interleukins (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6), TNF-alpha, GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor), Gama interferon and suppresses fibroblast proliferation and T-lymphocyte functions and interferes chemotaxis. 3) Decreases the production of acute phase reactants from macrophages and endothelial cells and interferes complement function. 4) Decreases the production of ELAM-1(Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1(intracellular adhesion molecule-1) in endothelial cells. 5) Inhibit IgE mediated histamine and LT-C4 release from basophiles and the effects of antigen-antibody reaction is not mediated 6) Reduces the production of collagenase and stromolysin and thus prevents tissue destruction.

Pharmacokinets of Betamethasone dipropionate

Absorption: It is absorbed in to the systemic circulation and the amount is depending on the potency, amount applied and the nature of the skin at the site of application. Absorption increases at the site of skin damage, inflammation or occlusion.

Onset of Action for Betamethasone dipropionate

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Duration of Action for Betamethasone dipropionate

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Half Life of Betamethasone dipropionate

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Side Effects of Betamethasone dipropionate

1.Thinning of the skin
2.Loss of elasticity
3.Increased hair growth
4.Acne at the site of application
5.Mild depigmentation
6.Rosacea

Contra-indications of Betamethasone dipropionate

1.Hypersensitivity to Betamethasone
2.Untreated bacterial virus or fungal infections
3.Acne vulgaris
4.Peri-oral dermatitis
5.Tuberculosis of the skin
6.Varicose ulcers
7.Skin lesions caused by infections with herpes simplex vaccinia or varicella viruses. fungi (e.g. Candida Tinea) or bacteria (e.g. impetigo)
8.Discoid lupus Erythematosus

Special Precautions while taking Betamethasone dipropionate

1.Avoid contact with eyes
2.For external use only
3.Prolonged use

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution
NEONATES: contraindicated

Indications for Betamethasone dipropionate

1.Eczema
2.Psoriasis
3.Contact dermatitis
4.Anal and vulval Pruritis
5.Inflammation of the skin

Interactions for Betamethasone dipropionate

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Typical Dosage for Betamethasone dipropionate

Apply thinly 1 -2 times daily.

Schedule of Betamethasone dipropionate

Storage Requirements for Betamethasone dipropionate

Store at room temperature in a well closed; light resistant container. Protect from excess heat and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Betamethasone dipropionate

Apply the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Betamethasone dipropionate

Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Lidocaine

About Lidocaine

Amide derivative , Antiarrhythmic(Class Ib) ,Local anesthetic.

Mechanism of Action of Lidocaine

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Pharmacokinets of Lidocaine

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Onset of Action for Lidocaine

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Duration of Action for Lidocaine

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Half Life of Lidocaine

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Side Effects of Lidocaine

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Contra-indications of Lidocaine

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Special Precautions while taking Lidocaine

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Lidocaine

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Interactions for Lidocaine

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Typical Dosage for Lidocaine

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Schedule of Lidocaine

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Storage Requirements for Lidocaine

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Lidocaine

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Effects of Overdose of Lidocaine

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Home Delivery for Gentamicin + clotrimazole + betamethasone dipropionate + lidocaine in Your City

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