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- Pharmacology For Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim Pharmacology
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim
About Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/AMechanism of Action of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/APharmacokinets of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/AOnset of Action for Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/ADuration of Action for Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/AHalf Life of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/ASide Effects of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/AContra-indications of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/APregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim1.Susceptible infections
2.Gastrointestinal infections
3.Respiratory tract infections
4.Urinary tract infections
5.Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
6.Prophylaxis of susceptible infections in AIDS patients
Interactions for Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/ATypical Dosage for Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimAdult: 960mg bid, upto 2.88g daily given in 2 divided doses in severe cases.
Child: 6wk-5mth: 120mg bid.
6mth-5yr:240mg bid.
6-12yr: 480mg bid
Schedule of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/AStorage Requirements for Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimStore in a well closed container. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/AEffects of Overdose of Sulfamethoxazole + TrimethoprimN/ASulfamethoxazole
About SulfamethoxazoleIntermediate-acting Sulfonamide, Antibiotic.Mechanism of Action of SulfamethoxazoleThis drug is a structural analogs and competitive antagonists of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). They inhibit normal bacterial utilization of PABA for the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, a compound that bacteria must be able to make in order to survive for the synthesis of folic acid, an important metabolite in DNA synthesis.Pharmacokinets of SulfamethoxazoleAbsorption- Rapidly absorbed after oral administration
Distribution- Widely distributed in the body as plasma protein bounded form (70%).
It enters into cerebrospinal fluid, placenta and synovial fluid
Metabolism- Metabolized in the liver to its metabolites by acetylation and glucoronidation
Excretion- Excreted through urine
Onset of Action for SulfamethoxazoleN/ADuration of Action for SulfamethoxazoleN/AHalf Life of SulfamethoxazoleN/ASide Effects of Sulfamethoxazole1. Brownish coloration of urine
2. Skin rashes
3. Hives
4. Itching
5. Localized swelling
6. Reddened eyes
7. Headache
8. Dizziness
9. Ringing in ears
10. Loss of appetite
11. Irritation of mouth and tongue
12. Nausea
13. Abdominal pain
14. Diarrhea.
Contra-indications of Sulfamethoxazole1. Hypersensitivity to the drug or other ingredients it or other sulfonamides
2. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
3. Kidney disease
4. Liver disease
5. Porphyria
6. Anemia or other blood problems
Special Precautions while taking Sulfamethoxazole1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Blood disorders
4.Drink lots of high calorie fluids such as cranberry juice and nectars, up to 2 quarts daily, to make sure you have adequate volume of urine to prevent dehydration.Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with caution
NEONATES- ContraindicatedIndications for Sulfamethoxazole1. Malaria
2. Conjunctivitis
3. Toxoplasmosis
4. Urinary tract infections (UTI).
Interactions for SulfamethoxazoleN/ATypical Dosage for SulfamethoxazoleOral-
Adults-
2 to 4 grams for the first dose, then 1 to 2 grams every eight to twelve hours
Children 2 months of age and older-
50 to 60mg/kg for the first dose, then 25 to 30 mg /kg (every twelve hours)
Schedule of SulfamethoxazoleN/AStorage Requirements for SulfamethoxazoleStore at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of SulfamethoxazoleTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of SulfamethoxazoleGive symptomatic and supportive treatment. Induce gastric lavage. Treated with blood products if neededTrimethoprim
About TrimethoprimDihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, Pyrimidine derivative, Anti-infective(bacteriostatic antibiotic).Mechanism of Action of TrimethoprimTrimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic and acts by interfering with the action of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleosides thymidine and uridine. Bacteria are unable to take up folic acid from the environment and are thus dependent on their own de novo synthesis.Pharmacokinets of TrimethoprimAbsorption:It is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration.Distribution:It is widely distributed in the body.Half of the drug is distributed in protein bound form.Metabolism:About 20% is metabolised in the liver.Excretion:Most of the drug is excreted in urine.Onset of Action for TrimethoprimN/ADuration of Action for TrimethoprimN/AHalf Life of Trimethoprim8 - 11 hoursSide Effects of Trimethoprim1.Loss of appetite
2.Nausea
3.Vomiting
4.Diarrhoea
5.Abdominal pain
6.Abnormal taste
7.Swelling of the tongue.
Contra-indications of Trimethoprim1.Hypersensitivity to Trimethoprim
2.Megaloblastic anaemia caused by folate deficiencySpecial Precautions while taking Trimethoprim1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Folate deficiency
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with caution
Below 2 years:ContraindicatedIndications for Trimethoprim1.Urinary tract infections
2.Traveler`s diarrhea
3.Respiratory Infection
Interactions for TrimethoprimN/ATypical Dosage for Trimethoprim200 mg/day in 2 divided doses for 10 daysSchedule of TrimethoprimN/AStorage Requirements for TrimethoprimStore at 15 - 30 degree C.Protect from heat,light and moisturiser.Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of TrimethoprimTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule.Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of TrimethoprimGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage.Home Delivery for Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim in Your City
Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim.
However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.
Please be aware that you should take sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim with the pharmacy.
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim might be better known than sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim.