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- Pharmacology For Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + Copper
Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + Copper Pharmacology
Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + Copper
About Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AMechanism of Action of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/APharmacokinets of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AOnset of Action for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/ADuration of Action for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AHalf Life of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/ASide Effects of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AContra-indications of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/APregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + Copper1.Antioxidant
2.Mineral deficiency
Interactions for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/ATypical Dosage for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + Copper1 capsule / daySchedule of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AStorage Requirements for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/AEffects of Overdose of Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + CopperN/ABeta Carotene
About Beta CaroteneA natural precursor to Vitamin A.Mechanism of Action of Beta CaroteneBeta-carotene acts as the precursor of Vitamin A and in the body it is converted in to Vitamin A. Vitamin A is required for a variety of physiological functions in the body such as: - 1).Proper functioning of retina and formation of pigment Rhodopsin during dark adaptation. 2).promotes differentiation and maintains structural integrity of epithelia over the body and also retard the malignancies of epithelial structures.3).Promotes mucous secretion. 4).Inhibits keratinization, 5). Maintains proper bone growth, 6).Maintenance of spermatogenesis, 7).Supports foetal development, 8).Improves resistance to infection. It is required for proper antibody response, normal lymphocyte proliferation and killer cell function.Pharmacokinets of Beta CaroteneAbsorption: Completely absorbed normally. Steatorrhoea, bile deficiency, and protein poor diet adversely affects the absorption and absorption requires bile salts, pancreatic lipase, and dietary fat.
Distribution: Stored primarily as palmitate in kupffer`s cells in liver. Circulates in the form of specific alpha-1 protein; retinol binding protein and transported to cellular retinol binding protein of target cells.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and a small amount is excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Beta CaroteneN/ADuration of Action for Beta CaroteneN/AHalf Life of Beta CaroteneN/ASide Effects of Beta CaroteneAdverse effects occurs only with higher doses and toxicity
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Itching
4. Dermatitis
5. Exfoliation
6. Alopecia
7. Bone and joint pain
8. Anorexia
9. Irritability
10. Increased intracranial pressure
11. Hepatic impairment
12. Anaphylactic shock
Contra-indications of Beta Carotene1. Hypervitaminosis A
2. Hypersensitivity to Beta Carotene
Special Precautions while taking Beta Carotene1. Oral form should not use in patients with malabsorption syndrome.
2. In inadequate bile secretion oral route may be used with concurrent administration of bile salts.
3. I. V. route is contraindicated except for special water miscible forms intended for infusion with large parenteral volumes and should not use I. V. push of vitamin A of any type.
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Beta Carotene1. Vitamin A deficiency
2. Xerophthalmia
3. Acne
4. Ichthyosis
5. Bitot`s spots
6. Night blindness
Interactions for Beta CaroteneCholestyramine: Absorption of Vitamin A is reduced due to reduced availability of fat stabilizing bile salts.
Mineral oil: Interferes with intestinal absorption of Vitamin A.
Oral Contraceptives: Plasma Vitamin A levels are significantly increased.Typical Dosage for Beta CaroteneSevere vitamin A deficiency with xerophthalmia: 500000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Severe vitamin A deficiency: 100000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Children: 5000 to 10000 IU daily for 14 days.
Schedule of Beta CaroteneC1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Beta CaroteneStore in a well closed, airtight container in a cool dry place.Effects of Missed Dosage of Beta CaroteneTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Beta CaroteneDiscontinue the vitamin A if hypercalcaemia persists and administer I.V. saline, prednisolone, and calcitonin if required. Monitor hepatic function tests to detect liver damage. Zinc
About ZincTrance metal, Dietary mineral, Nutritional supplement,Treatment of zinc deficiency,in wound healing.Mechanism of Action of ZincZinc acts as a cofactor for more than 70 different enzymes. Zinc dependent enzymes are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Zinc facilitates wound healing, normal growth rates, normal skin hydration and maintains senses of taste and smell. It provides normal growth and tissue repair. It also helps in development of cell mediated immunity.Pharmacokinets of ZincAbsorption: Poorly absorbed orally, Distribution: Zinc is distributed mainly in to skeletal muscle, skin, bone, pancreas, kidney, liver, retina, prostate, RBC, and WBC. Excretion: Excreted mainly through intestine; only 2% loss in the urine.Onset of Action for ZincN/ADuration of Action for ZincN/AHalf Life of ZincN/ASide Effects of Zinc1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Abdominal distress
4. Gastric ulceration
5. Rashes
Contra-indications of ZincN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Zinc1.Don`t exceed prescribed dose
2.Renal failure
3.Biliary obstruction
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Zinc1. Zinc deficiency
2. Acne vulgaris
3. Chronic skin ulcers
4. Adjunct to antimicrobials
5. Delayed wound healing
6. Alopecia
Interactions for ZincFluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines: Decreased GI absorption and serum levels of some fluoroquinolone.
Pencillamine: Reduced absorption of zinc.
Iron: Reduced absorption of iron and vice versa.
Typical Dosage for ZincAdults: 25 to 50mg zinc daily or 1 to 2 tablets daily.
Children: 5mg/kg 1 to 3 times daily.
Schedule of ZincN/AStorage Requirements for ZincStore at a temperature below 30 degree CEffects of Missed Dosage of ZincTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of ZincProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measuresSelenium
About SeleniumA vital antioxidant, selenium acts with vitamin E to protect the immune system and maintain healthy heart function. It is needed for pancreatic function and tissue elasticity and has been shown to protect against radiation and toxic minerals. High levels of heart disease are associated with selenium-deficient soil in Finland and a tendency to fibrotic heart lesions is associated with selenium deficiency in parts of China. Best sources are butter, Brazil nuts, seafood and grains grown in selenium-rich soil.Mechanism of Action of SeleniumN/APharmacokinets of SeleniumN/AOnset of Action for SeleniumN/ADuration of Action for SeleniumN/AHalf Life of SeleniumN/ASide Effects of SeleniumN/AContra-indications of SeleniumN/ASpecial Precautions while taking SeleniumN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for SeleniumN/AInteractions for SeleniumN/ATypical Dosage for SeleniumN/ASchedule of SeleniumN/AStorage Requirements for SeleniumN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of SeleniumN/AEffects of Overdose of SeleniumN/AManganese
About ManganeseMagnesium is essential for enzyme activity, calcium and potassium uptake, nerve transmission, bone formation and metabolism of carbohydrates and minerals. It is magnesium, not calcium, which helps form hard tooth enamel, resistant to decay. Like calcium and chloride, magnesium also plays a role in regulating the acid-alkaline balance in the body. High magnesium levels in drinking water have been linked to resistance to heart disease. Although it is found in many foods, including dairy products, nuts, vegetables, fish, meat and seafood, deficiencies are common in America due to soil depletion, poor absorption and lack of minerals in drinking water. A diet high in carbohydrates, oxalic acid in foods like raw spinach and phytic acid found in whole grains can cause deficiencies. An excellent source of usable magnesium is beef, chicken or fish broth. High amounts of zinc and vitamin D increase magnesium requirements. Magnesium deficiency can result in coronary heart disease, chronic weight loss, obesity, fatigue, epilepsy and impaired brain function. Chocolate cravings are a sign of magnesium deficiency.Mechanism of Action of ManganeseN/APharmacokinets of ManganeseN/AOnset of Action for ManganeseN/ADuration of Action for ManganeseN/AHalf Life of ManganeseN/ASide Effects of ManganeseN/AContra-indications of ManganeseN/ASpecial Precautions while taking ManganeseN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for ManganeseN/AInteractions for ManganeseN/ATypical Dosage for ManganeseN/ASchedule of ManganeseN/AStorage Requirements for ManganeseN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of ManganeseN/AEffects of Overdose of ManganeseN/ACopper
About CopperThird most abundant essential trace mineral, A cofactor for many proteins, iron utilization enhancer, Copper deficiency.Mechanism of Action of CopperCopper is one of a relatively small group of metallic elements which are essential to human health. These elements, along with amino and fatty acids as well as vitamins, are required for normal metabolic processes.Pharmacokinets of CopperAbsorption:It is orally well absorbed.Onset of Action for CopperN/ADuration of Action for CopperN/AHalf Life of CopperN/ASide Effects of Copper1.Breathing problems
2.Chest pain
3.Skin hives
4.Rash
5.Swollen skin
6.Upset stomach
Contra-indications of CopperHypersensitivity to the drug
Special Precautions while taking Copper1.Blood pressure
2.Heart or blood vessel disease
Pregnancy Related Informationuse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related Informationuse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Copper1. As a supplement for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, anemia, to enhance immunity, and to treat arthritis.Interactions for CopperN/ATypical Dosage for CopperAs directed by the physicianSchedule of CopperN/AStorage Requirements for CopperStore at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat and light. Kept the container tightly closed after use. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of CopperTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of CopperGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Home Delivery for Beta Carotene + Zinc + Selenium + Manganese + Copper in Your City
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