- Medicine India
- Generic Medicines
- B
- Pharmacology For Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid Pharmacology
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid
About Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AMechanism of Action of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/APharmacokinets of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AOnset of Action for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/ADuration of Action for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AHalf Life of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/ASide Effects of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AContra-indications of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/APregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid1.Antioxidant
2.Mineral deficiency
Interactions for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/ATypical Dosage for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid1 capsule / daySchedule of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AStorage Requirements for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/AEffects of Overdose of Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic AcidN/ABeta Carotene
About Beta CaroteneA natural precursor to Vitamin A.Mechanism of Action of Beta CaroteneBeta-carotene acts as the precursor of Vitamin A and in the body it is converted in to Vitamin A. Vitamin A is required for a variety of physiological functions in the body such as: - 1).Proper functioning of retina and formation of pigment Rhodopsin during dark adaptation. 2).promotes differentiation and maintains structural integrity of epithelia over the body and also retard the malignancies of epithelial structures.3).Promotes mucous secretion. 4).Inhibits keratinization, 5). Maintains proper bone growth, 6).Maintenance of spermatogenesis, 7).Supports foetal development, 8).Improves resistance to infection. It is required for proper antibody response, normal lymphocyte proliferation and killer cell function.Pharmacokinets of Beta CaroteneAbsorption: Completely absorbed normally. Steatorrhoea, bile deficiency, and protein poor diet adversely affects the absorption and absorption requires bile salts, pancreatic lipase, and dietary fat.
Distribution: Stored primarily as palmitate in kupffer`s cells in liver. Circulates in the form of specific alpha-1 protein; retinol binding protein and transported to cellular retinol binding protein of target cells.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and a small amount is excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Beta CaroteneN/ADuration of Action for Beta CaroteneN/AHalf Life of Beta CaroteneN/ASide Effects of Beta CaroteneAdverse effects occurs only with higher doses and toxicity
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Itching
4. Dermatitis
5. Exfoliation
6. Alopecia
7. Bone and joint pain
8. Anorexia
9. Irritability
10. Increased intracranial pressure
11. Hepatic impairment
12. Anaphylactic shock
Contra-indications of Beta Carotene1. Hypervitaminosis A
2. Hypersensitivity to Beta Carotene
Special Precautions while taking Beta Carotene1. Oral form should not use in patients with malabsorption syndrome.
2. In inadequate bile secretion oral route may be used with concurrent administration of bile salts.
3. I. V. route is contraindicated except for special water miscible forms intended for infusion with large parenteral volumes and should not use I. V. push of vitamin A of any type.
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Beta Carotene1. Vitamin A deficiency
2. Xerophthalmia
3. Acne
4. Ichthyosis
5. Bitot`s spots
6. Night blindness
Interactions for Beta CaroteneCholestyramine: Absorption of Vitamin A is reduced due to reduced availability of fat stabilizing bile salts.
Mineral oil: Interferes with intestinal absorption of Vitamin A.
Oral Contraceptives: Plasma Vitamin A levels are significantly increased.Typical Dosage for Beta CaroteneSevere vitamin A deficiency with xerophthalmia: 500000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Severe vitamin A deficiency: 100000 IU daily for 3 days followed by 50000 IU daily for 14 days. Then maintenance dosage of 10000 to 20000 IU for 2months followed by adequate dietary nutrition and RDA vitamin A supplements.
Children: 5000 to 10000 IU daily for 14 days.
Schedule of Beta CaroteneC1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Beta CaroteneStore in a well closed, airtight container in a cool dry place.Effects of Missed Dosage of Beta CaroteneTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Beta CaroteneDiscontinue the vitamin A if hypercalcaemia persists and administer I.V. saline, prednisolone, and calcitonin if required. Monitor hepatic function tests to detect liver damage. Vitamin C
About Vitamin CWater soluble vitamin, antioxidant.Mechanism of Action of Vitamin CVitamin C exerts it`s action by influencing the biologic oxidations and reductions used in cellular respirations. It directly stimulates collagen synthesis and maintains intracellular connective tissue. It involves in various metabolic reactions such as 1).Hydroxylation of praline and lysine residues of protocollagen which is essential for formation and stabilization of collagen triple helix, 2).hydroxylation of carnitine, 3).Conversion of folic acid to folinic acid, 4).biosynthesis of adrenal steroids, catecholamines, oxytocin, and ADH, 5).Metabolism of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins. Vitamin C is important in resistance to infections.Pharmacokinets of Vitamin CAbsorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed both extracellularly and intracellularly, It crosses the placenta and also distributed in to the breast milk.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver; partly oxidized in to active dehydroascorbic acid and inactive metabolites.
Excretion: Inactive metabolites and extra drug is excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Vitamin CN/ADuration of Action for Vitamin CN/AHalf Life of Vitamin CN/ASide Effects of Vitamin C1. Discomfort at injection site
2. Acid urine
3. Renal calculi
4. Oxaluria
Contra-indications of Vitamin CNo known contraindicationsSpecial Precautions while taking Vitamin C1. Renal impairment
2. Ingestion of large doses during pregnancy has resulted in scurvy in neonates
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Vitamin C1. Scurvy
2. Prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin C deficiency
3. As an antioxidant to maintain natural colour and flavour of food items
4. For acidification of urine
5. Capillary fragility
6. Dental caries
Interactions for Vitamin COral contraceptives and estrogens: Vitamin C increases serum levels of oestrogen resulting in adverse reactions .
Warfarin: The anticoagulant effects of warfarin is reduced.
Lab Tests: Large doses (>500 mg) of vitamin C may cause false negative urine glucose determinations. May result in false negative amine dependent stool occult blood tests.Typical Dosage for Vitamin COral:
Adults: 50 to 1000mg/day depending up on the requirement.
Pregnancy and lactation: 100 to 150mg/day
Children: 30 to 100mg/day.
Scurvy:
Oral:
Adults: 1000mg twice daily to thrice daily.
Children: 300mg to 1000mg daily.
Sub clinical scurvy:
Oral, S.C., I.M., or I.V.: 100 to 250mg once daily or twice daily depending up on the severity of the condition. Then give a maintenance dosage of 50mg/day.
Children: 100 to 300mg depending up on the severity. Then give a maintenance dose of 35mg/day.
Schedule of Vitamin CC1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)Storage Requirements for Vitamin CStore in a cool dry area in a well closed container. Protects from moisture, light and direct heat.Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin CTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Vitamin CDiscontinue the therapy and provide symptomatic and supportive measures.Vitamin E
About Vitamin EN/AMechanism of Action of Vitamin EVitamin E acts as an antioxidant and protecting unsaturated lipids in the cell membrane, coenzyme Q, vitamin A, vitamin C etc. from free radical oxidation damage and generation of toxic peroxidation products. It also decreases platelet aggregation.Pharmacokinets of Vitamin EAbsorption: Absorbed through lymph with the help of bile. Only 20 to 60% of vitamin from dietary sources is absorbed. As dose increases the fraction absorbed decreases.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form and stored in adipose tissue.
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by glucuronide conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile and also excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Vitamin EN/ADuration of Action for Vitamin EN/AHalf Life of Vitamin EN/ASide Effects of Vitamin E1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Headache
4. Nausea
5. Diarrhoea
6. Blurred vision
7. Flatulence
Contra-indications of Vitamin E1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Should not administer intravenously
Special Precautions while taking Vitamin E1. Hepatic impairment
2. Gall bladder disease
3. Along with estrogens
Pregnancy Related InformationMay be usedOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationMay be usedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Vitamin E1. Vitamin E deficiency
2. Intermittent claudication
3. Nocturnal muscle cramps
4. Coronary artery disease
5. Fibrocystic breast disease
6. Cystic fibrosis
7. In premature infants exposed to high concentration of oxygen
8. As antioxidant
Interactions for Vitamin EOral anticoagulants : Hypoprothrombinemic effect may be increased with possibility of bleeding.
Typical Dosage for Vitamin EOral:
Vitamin E deficiency:
Adults: 40 to 50mg/day or 60 to 75i.u. daily based on the severity of deficiency.
Children: 1 unit/kg/day.
Premature neonates: 5units daily.
Full term neonates: 5 units per liter of formula.
Intermittent claudication: 400mg/day for 12 to 18 weeks.
Nocturnal muscle cramps: 400mg/day for 8 to 12 weeks.
Coronary artery disease: 100 to 200mg/day for at least 2 years.
Fibrocystic breast disease: 600mg/day for at least 2years.
Cystic fibrosis: 100 to 200mg/day.
Children above 1 year: 100mg/day.
Children below 1year: 50mg/day.
Schedule of Vitamin EC1Storage Requirements for Vitamin EStore in a well closed container in a cool dry place. Protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin ETake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Vitamin EProvide supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Selenium
About SeleniumA vital antioxidant, selenium acts with vitamin E to protect the immune system and maintain healthy heart function. It is needed for pancreatic function and tissue elasticity and has been shown to protect against radiation and toxic minerals. High levels of heart disease are associated with selenium-deficient soil in Finland and a tendency to fibrotic heart lesions is associated with selenium deficiency in parts of China. Best sources are butter, Brazil nuts, seafood and grains grown in selenium-rich soil.Mechanism of Action of SeleniumN/APharmacokinets of SeleniumN/AOnset of Action for SeleniumN/ADuration of Action for SeleniumN/AHalf Life of SeleniumN/ASide Effects of SeleniumN/AContra-indications of SeleniumN/ASpecial Precautions while taking SeleniumN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for SeleniumN/AInteractions for SeleniumN/ATypical Dosage for SeleniumN/ASchedule of SeleniumN/AStorage Requirements for SeleniumN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of SeleniumN/AEffects of Overdose of SeleniumN/AZinc
About ZincTrance metal, Dietary mineral, Nutritional supplement,Treatment of zinc deficiency,in wound healing.Mechanism of Action of ZincZinc acts as a cofactor for more than 70 different enzymes. Zinc dependent enzymes are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Zinc facilitates wound healing, normal growth rates, normal skin hydration and maintains senses of taste and smell. It provides normal growth and tissue repair. It also helps in development of cell mediated immunity.Pharmacokinets of ZincAbsorption: Poorly absorbed orally, Distribution: Zinc is distributed mainly in to skeletal muscle, skin, bone, pancreas, kidney, liver, retina, prostate, RBC, and WBC. Excretion: Excreted mainly through intestine; only 2% loss in the urine.Onset of Action for ZincN/ADuration of Action for ZincN/AHalf Life of ZincN/ASide Effects of Zinc1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Abdominal distress
4. Gastric ulceration
5. Rashes
Contra-indications of ZincN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Zinc1.Don`t exceed prescribed dose
2.Renal failure
3.Biliary obstruction
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Zinc1. Zinc deficiency
2. Acne vulgaris
3. Chronic skin ulcers
4. Adjunct to antimicrobials
5. Delayed wound healing
6. Alopecia
Interactions for ZincFluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines: Decreased GI absorption and serum levels of some fluoroquinolone.
Pencillamine: Reduced absorption of zinc.
Iron: Reduced absorption of iron and vice versa.
Typical Dosage for ZincAdults: 25 to 50mg zinc daily or 1 to 2 tablets daily.
Children: 5mg/kg 1 to 3 times daily.
Schedule of ZincN/AStorage Requirements for ZincStore at a temperature below 30 degree CEffects of Missed Dosage of ZincTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of ZincProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measuresVit B6
About Vit B6Physiological functions: It is involved as a coenzyme (Pyridoxal phosphate) in metabolism of tryptophan, in several metabolic transformations of amino acids including transamination, decarboxylation & racemization.
Deficiency symptoms: Peripheral neuritis, seizures, stomatitis, glossitis, anaemia, seborrhea like lesions.Mechanism of Action of Vit B6Vitamin B6 is a collective term for Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine and their phosphorylated derivatives such as Pyridoxine phosphate, Pyridoxal phosphate and Pyridoxamine derivatives respectively. Vitamin B6 is essential for the metabolism of amino acid, glycogen and fatty acids, for nerve functions, for the formation of red blood cells and also helps the skin healthy. Vitamin B6 is also used for the synthesis of nucleic acid, Haemoglobin, Sphingomyelin, other Sphingolipids, Serotonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline and GABA.Pharmacokinets of Vit B6Absorption: Vitamin B6 is readily absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is mainly distributed in the body in protein bound form. It is stored primarily in the liver and to a lesser extent muscle and brain.
Metabolism: It is metabolised in the liver
Onset of Action for Vit B6N/ADuration of Action for Vit B6N/AHalf Life of Vit B615-20 daysSide Effects of Vit B61. Neuropathy
2. Unstable gait
3. Drowsiness
4. Perioral numbness
5. Paresthesia
6. Numbness of feet
7. Somnolence
8. Sensory neuropathy
9. Ataxia
Contra-indications of Vit B61. Hypersensitivity to Vitamin B6Special Precautions while taking Vit B6N/APregnancy Related InformationMay be usedOld Age Related InformationMay be usedBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with caution
NEONATES: Contraindicated
Indications for Vit B61. Vitamin B6 deficiency including inadequate diet and drug induced causes
2. Neuropathy
3. Premenstrual syndrome
4. Hyperoxaluria type 1
5. Metabolic disorder
6. Isoniazid poisoning
Interactions for Vit B6Cycloserine, Hydralazine, Isoniazide, Oral contraceptive, Penicillamine: Increase Pyridoxine requirement.
Levodopa: Pyridoxine reverses the therapeutic effect of Levodopa.
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin: Pyridoxine decreases serum level of these anticonvulsants.
Typical Dosage for Vit B6Adult: 10 - 20 mg / day
Dietary deficiency: 2.5 -10 mg / day for effective therapeutic response is obtained.
Maintenance dose: 2 - 5 mg / day for several weeks.
Drug induced deficiency: 100 - 200 mg / day for 3 weeks.
Maintenance dose: 25 - 100 mg / day
Neuropathy: 50 - 200 mg /day
Premenstrual syndrome: 40 - 500 mg / day
Hyperoxaluria type 1: 25 - 300 mg / day
Metabolic disorder: 100-500 mg /day.
Isoniazid poisoning: Initial dose: 1 - 4 g as IV administration, then 1 g IM every 30 minute until Pyridoxine dose is equal to the Isoniazid dose has been given.
Schedule of Vit B6N/AStorage Requirements for Vit B6Store it at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from moisture and heat.Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B6Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Vit B6Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. The signs of Pyridoxine overdose can be resolved by discontinuation (withdrawal) of Pyridoxine.Folic Acid
About Folic AcidDietary supplement, Folate derivative( B9 ), Water Soluble Vitamin.Mechanism of Action of Folic AcidFolic acid reduced by enzymes folate reductase and dihydrofolate reductase and forms dihydrofolic acid tetrahydrofolic acid respectively. Tetrahydrofolic acid acts as a coenzyme which mediates a number of one carbon transfer reactions by carrying a methyl group as an adduct. It involves a number of reactions such as 1).conversion of homocysteine to methionine. 2).synthesis of thymidylate which is an essential constituent of DNA from methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 3). Conversion of serine to glycine by tetrahydrofolic acid and forms methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 4).to introduce carbon units at position 2 and 8 during de novo purine synthesis requires formyl-tetrahydrofolic acid and methenyl-tetrahydrofolic acid.5).generation and utilization of "formate pool". 6).For mediating formino group transfer in histidine metabolism. Folic acid is required to maintain normal erythropoiesis and nucleoprotein synthesis.Pharmacokinets of Folic AcidAbsorption: Well absorbed orally
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body and highest concentration is seen in liver. It appears in the CSF and breast milk
Metabolism: Metabolized in to N-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid in liver
Excretion: Extra drug is excreted unchanged in urine. A small portion of folate is lost by a combination of urinary and fecal excretion and oxidative cleavage of molecule.
Onset of Action for Folic AcidOral: 20 to 30minutes
I.V.: 5 minutes
I.M.:10 to 20minutes
Duration of Action for Folic AcidOral: 3 to 6 hours
I.V.:3 to 6minutes
I.M.:3 to 6hours
Half Life of Folic AcidN/ASide Effects of Folic AcidN/AContra-indications of Folic AcidN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Folic Acid1. In patients with undiagnosed anaemia; because it may mask pernicious anaemia
2. In pernicious anaemia and other megaloblastic where vitamin B12 is deficient
Pregnancy Related InformationMay be usedOld Age Related InformationMay be usedBreast Feeding Related InformationMay be usedChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Folic Acid1. Megaloblastic anaemia
2. Folic acid deficiency
3. Anaemias of pregnancy
4. Nutritional anaemia
5. Alcoholism
6. Tropical sprue
7. Non tropical sprue
Interactions for Folic Acid1. Hypersensitivity reactions with injection form
2. Bronchospasm
Typical Dosage for Folic AcidOral: 5mg 1 to 4 times daily; depending up on the severity of deficiency.
Maintenance dosage: Half of the therapeutic dosage.
Children: 2.5 to 5mg 1 to 2 times daily.
Schedule of Folic AcidC1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Folic AcidStore at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 25 degree C in a well closed container. Protect from excess heat, light and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of Folic AcidTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Folic AcidRelatively non toxic. Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Home Delivery for Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid in Your City
Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid.
However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.
Please be aware that you should take beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid with the pharmacy.
Beta Carotene + Vitamin C + Vitamin E + Selenium + Zinc + Vit B6 + Folic Acid is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid might be better known than beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for beta carotene + vitamin c + vitamin e + selenium + zinc + vit b6 + folic acid.