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- Pharmacology For Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + Sodium
Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + Sodium Pharmacology
Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + Sodium
About Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AMechanism of Action of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/APharmacokinets of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AOnset of Action for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/ADuration of Action for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AHalf Life of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/ASide Effects of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AContra-indications of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/APregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + Sodium1.Supplement to IV parenteral nutrition solution
2.Deficiency of trace elements
Interactions for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/ATypical Dosage for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumAs directed by the PhysicianSchedule of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AStorage Requirements for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AEffects of Overdose of Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + SodiumN/AChromium
About ChromiumChromium is by far the most pivotal nutrient involved in sugar metabolism. Trivalent chromium is a part of glucose tolerance factor, an essential activator of insulin mediated reactions. Chromium improves insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin internalization, beta cell sensitivity and insulin receptor enzymes with overall increases in insulin sensitivity. Thus it helps to maintain normal glucose metabolism and peripheral nerve function. A number of clinical studies have been conducted which show that chromium is an effective therapy for both Type I and Type II diabetes. Except for supplementation, there is no good way to rebuild the body?s stockpile of chromium.
Deficiency symptoms: Impaired glucose tolerance, peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, confusion.
Over dosage symptoms: In normal therapeutic doses side effects have not been reported except occasional insomnia. In the event of over dosage - nausea, vomiting, GI ulcers, renal/hepatic damage, convulsion, coma may occur.
Mechanism of Action of ChromiumChromium picolinate acts by influencing carbohydrate metabolism. It stimulates Insulin mediated reactions and improves glucose tolerance. Chromium picolinate helps to improve; insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin internalization, beta cell sensitivity and insulin receptor enzymes with overall increase in insulin sensitivity. Thus it maintains normal glucose metabolism and peripheral nerve functions. It improves carbohydrate metabolism, increases energy and helps to control diabetes. It also helps to control weight.Pharmacokinets of ChromiumAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed in the body in especially in to liver, kidney, bone, and spleen; normal plasma level is 1 to 5mcg/l. Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine.Onset of Action for ChromiumN/ADuration of Action for ChromiumN/AHalf Life of ChromiumN/ASide Effects of ChromiumN/AContra-indications of Chromium1. Hypersensitivity to the drug.Special Precautions while taking Chromium1. Prolonged therapy with the drug
2.Hypoglycaemia
3.In patients with Type II diabetes mellitus use of chromium picolinate is only under the direct medical supervision
4.Renal impairment
5.Hepatic impairment
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Chromium1.Type I diabetes mellitus
2.Type II diabetes mellitus
3.Obesity.
Interactions for ChromiumN/ATypical Dosage for Chromium Oral: 200 mcg daily; increases up to 1mg daily if required.Schedule of ChromiumN/AStorage Requirements for ChromiumStore in a well closed container at a cool dry place.Effects of Missed Dosage of ChromiumTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of ChromiumGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Copper
About CopperThird most abundant essential trace mineral, A cofactor for many proteins, iron utilization enhancer, Copper deficiency.Mechanism of Action of CopperCopper is one of a relatively small group of metallic elements which are essential to human health. These elements, along with amino and fatty acids as well as vitamins, are required for normal metabolic processes.Pharmacokinets of CopperAbsorption:It is orally well absorbed.Onset of Action for CopperN/ADuration of Action for CopperN/AHalf Life of CopperN/ASide Effects of Copper1.Breathing problems
2.Chest pain
3.Skin hives
4.Rash
5.Swollen skin
6.Upset stomach
Contra-indications of CopperHypersensitivity to the drug
Special Precautions while taking Copper1.Blood pressure
2.Heart or blood vessel disease
Pregnancy Related Informationuse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related Informationuse with cautionChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Copper1. As a supplement for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, anemia, to enhance immunity, and to treat arthritis.Interactions for CopperN/ATypical Dosage for CopperAs directed by the physicianSchedule of CopperN/AStorage Requirements for CopperStore at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat and light. Kept the container tightly closed after use. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of CopperTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of CopperGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.Manganese
About ManganeseMagnesium is essential for enzyme activity, calcium and potassium uptake, nerve transmission, bone formation and metabolism of carbohydrates and minerals. It is magnesium, not calcium, which helps form hard tooth enamel, resistant to decay. Like calcium and chloride, magnesium also plays a role in regulating the acid-alkaline balance in the body. High magnesium levels in drinking water have been linked to resistance to heart disease. Although it is found in many foods, including dairy products, nuts, vegetables, fish, meat and seafood, deficiencies are common in America due to soil depletion, poor absorption and lack of minerals in drinking water. A diet high in carbohydrates, oxalic acid in foods like raw spinach and phytic acid found in whole grains can cause deficiencies. An excellent source of usable magnesium is beef, chicken or fish broth. High amounts of zinc and vitamin D increase magnesium requirements. Magnesium deficiency can result in coronary heart disease, chronic weight loss, obesity, fatigue, epilepsy and impaired brain function. Chocolate cravings are a sign of magnesium deficiency.Mechanism of Action of ManganeseN/APharmacokinets of ManganeseN/AOnset of Action for ManganeseN/ADuration of Action for ManganeseN/AHalf Life of ManganeseN/ASide Effects of ManganeseN/AContra-indications of ManganeseN/ASpecial Precautions while taking ManganeseN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for ManganeseN/AInteractions for ManganeseN/ATypical Dosage for ManganeseN/ASchedule of ManganeseN/AStorage Requirements for ManganeseN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of ManganeseN/AEffects of Overdose of ManganeseN/AZinc
About ZincTrance metal, Dietary mineral, Nutritional supplement,Treatment of zinc deficiency,in wound healing.Mechanism of Action of ZincZinc acts as a cofactor for more than 70 different enzymes. Zinc dependent enzymes are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Zinc facilitates wound healing, normal growth rates, normal skin hydration and maintains senses of taste and smell. It provides normal growth and tissue repair. It also helps in development of cell mediated immunity.Pharmacokinets of ZincAbsorption: Poorly absorbed orally, Distribution: Zinc is distributed mainly in to skeletal muscle, skin, bone, pancreas, kidney, liver, retina, prostate, RBC, and WBC. Excretion: Excreted mainly through intestine; only 2% loss in the urine.Onset of Action for ZincN/ADuration of Action for ZincN/AHalf Life of ZincN/ASide Effects of Zinc1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Abdominal distress
4. Gastric ulceration
5. Rashes
Contra-indications of ZincN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Zinc1.Don`t exceed prescribed dose
2.Renal failure
3.Biliary obstruction
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Zinc1. Zinc deficiency
2. Acne vulgaris
3. Chronic skin ulcers
4. Adjunct to antimicrobials
5. Delayed wound healing
6. Alopecia
Interactions for ZincFluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines: Decreased GI absorption and serum levels of some fluoroquinolone.
Pencillamine: Reduced absorption of zinc.
Iron: Reduced absorption of iron and vice versa.
Typical Dosage for ZincAdults: 25 to 50mg zinc daily or 1 to 2 tablets daily.
Children: 5mg/kg 1 to 3 times daily.
Schedule of ZincN/AStorage Requirements for ZincStore at a temperature below 30 degree CEffects of Missed Dosage of ZincTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of ZincProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measuresSelenium
About SeleniumA vital antioxidant, selenium acts with vitamin E to protect the immune system and maintain healthy heart function. It is needed for pancreatic function and tissue elasticity and has been shown to protect against radiation and toxic minerals. High levels of heart disease are associated with selenium-deficient soil in Finland and a tendency to fibrotic heart lesions is associated with selenium deficiency in parts of China. Best sources are butter, Brazil nuts, seafood and grains grown in selenium-rich soil.Mechanism of Action of SeleniumN/APharmacokinets of SeleniumN/AOnset of Action for SeleniumN/ADuration of Action for SeleniumN/AHalf Life of SeleniumN/ASide Effects of SeleniumN/AContra-indications of SeleniumN/ASpecial Precautions while taking SeleniumN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for SeleniumN/AInteractions for SeleniumN/ATypical Dosage for SeleniumN/ASchedule of SeleniumN/AStorage Requirements for SeleniumN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of SeleniumN/AEffects of Overdose of SeleniumN/AIodine
About IodineEssential trace element, fastest acting thyroid inhibitor, Antithyroid agent.Mechanism of Action of IodineIt is the fastest acting thyroid inhibitor which inhibits hormone release. It reduced to iodide response to both iodine and iodides are identical. Endocytosis of colloid and proteolysis of thyroglobulin comes to a halt. It has a direct action on thyroid cells and also attenuate TSH and cyclic AMP induced thyroid stimulation. Excess iodide inhibits it`s on transport in thyroid cells and alter the redox potential of cells; thus interfering with iodination and reduces T3 or T4 synthesis. The gland if enlarged; shrinks, becomes firm and less vascular. The thyroid status returns to normal at a faster rate.Pharmacokinets of IodineAbsorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body and also crosses the placenta.
Onset of Action for IodineN/ADuration of Action for IodineN/AHalf Life of IodineN/ASide Effects of Iodine1. Fever
2. Angioedema
3. Swelling of lips and eyelids
4. Arthralgia
5. Thrombocytopenia
6. Salivation
7. Sneezing
8. Lymphadenopathy
9. Petechial haemorrhage.
10. Burning sensation in mouth
11. Headache
12. Rashes
13. Flaring of acne
Contra-indications of Iodine1. Hypersensitivity to the drugSpecial Precautions while taking Iodine1. Long term therapy with high dosePregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Iodine1. Hyperthyroidism
2. Hypothyroidism
3. Prior to thyroidectomy
4. Prophylaxis of endemic goiter
Interactions for IodineN/ATypical Dosage for IodineOral: 5 to 10ml in water 8th hourly.Schedule of IodineHStorage Requirements for IodineStore in a well closed container and protects from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of IodineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of IodineProvide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.
Molybdenum
About MolybdenumThis mineral is needed in small amounts for nitrogen metabolism, iron absorption, fat oxidation and normal cell function. Best sources are lentils, liver, grains, legumes and dark green leafy vegetables.
Mechanism of Action of MolybdenumN/APharmacokinets of MolybdenumN/AOnset of Action for MolybdenumN/ADuration of Action for MolybdenumN/AHalf Life of MolybdenumN/ASide Effects of MolybdenumN/AContra-indications of MolybdenumN/ASpecial Precautions while taking MolybdenumN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for MolybdenumN/AInteractions for MolybdenumN/ATypical Dosage for MolybdenumN/ASchedule of MolybdenumN/AStorage Requirements for MolybdenumN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of MolybdenumN/AEffects of Overdose of MolybdenumN/ASodium
About SodiumAs all body fluids contain sodium, it can be said that sodium is essential to life. It is needed for many biochemical processes including water balance regulation, fluid distribution on either side of the cell walls, muscle contraction and expansion, nerve stimulation and acid-alkaline balance. Sodium is very important to the proper function of the adrenal glands. However, excessive sodium may result in high blood pressure, potassium deficiency, and liver, kidney and heart disease; symptoms of deficiency include confusion, low blood sugar, lethargy, weakness, and heart palpitations. Meat broths are excellent sources.Mechanism of Action of SodiumN/APharmacokinets of SodiumN/AOnset of Action for SodiumN/ADuration of Action for SodiumN/AHalf Life of SodiumN/ASide Effects of SodiumN/AContra-indications of SodiumN/ASpecial Precautions while taking SodiumN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for SodiumN/AInteractions for SodiumN/ATypical Dosage for SodiumN/ASchedule of SodiumN/AStorage Requirements for SodiumN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of SodiumN/AEffects of Overdose of SodiumN/AHome Delivery for Chromium + Copper + Manganese + Zinc + Selenium + Iodine + Molybdenum + Sodium in Your City
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