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- Pharmacology For Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + Lactobacillus
Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + Lactobacillus Pharmacology
Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + Lactobacillus
About Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AMechanism of Action of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/APharmacokinets of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AOnset of Action for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/ADuration of Action for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AHalf Life of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/ASide Effects of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AContra-indications of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AInteractions for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/ATypical Dosage for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/ASchedule of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AStorage Requirements for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AEffects of Overdose of Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + LactobacillusN/AVit B3
About Vit B3N/AMechanism of Action of Vit B3Niacin refers to Nicotinic acid as well as Nicotinamide which exerts it`s action by influencing metabolic reactions. It is converted in to coenzymes Ncotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and it`s phosphate Ncotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) involved in oxidation reduction reactions. These pyridine nucleotides act as hydrogen acceptors in the electron transport chain in tissue respiration, glycolysis, and fat synthesis. Nicotinic acid in high doses has vasodilator effects and also improves lipid profile; reduces serum cholesterol, raises HDL level, lowers VLDL, and LDL levels.Pharmacokinets of Vit B3Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed in the body, and also secreted in to breast milk, Modest amounts are stored in liver, Metabolism: Metabolized in to active metabolites in liver, Excretion: Extra drug is excreted through urine.Onset of Action for Vit B3N/ADuration of Action for Vit B3N/AHalf Life of Vit B3N/ASide Effects of Vit B31. Flushing
2. Activation of peptic ulcer
3. Nausea
4. Vomiting
5. Diarrhoea
6. Headache
7. Rashes
8. Pruritus
9. Hypotension
10. Arrhythmias
11. Hepatic impairment
Contra-indications of Vit B31. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Hepatic impairment
3. Peptic ulcer
4. Severe hypotension
5. Arterial haemorrhage
Special Precautions while taking Vit B31.History of liver disease
2.Gall bladder diseases
3.Gout
4.Coronary artery diseases
5.Diabetes mellitus
6.When use along with Statins reduces the dosage of StatinsPregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Vit B31. Pellagra
2. Niacin deficiency
3. Hartnup disease
4. Hyperlipidaemia (only nicotinic acid
5. Peripheral vascular diseases (only nicotinic acid)Interactions for Vit B3Aspirin: May decrease the metabolic clearance of nicotinic acid
Sympathetic blocking agent: May cause added vasodilation and hypotension
Isoniazid: may deplete levels of niacin and cause deficiency.
Typical Dosage for Vit B3Oral:
Pellagra: 200 to 500mg daily in divided doses
Prophylactically: 20 to 50mg daily.
Dietary supplement: 10 to 20mg daily
Peripheral vascular diseases (only nicotinic acid): 100 to 150mg three to five times daily. Alternatively 1000 to 2000g once daily at bed time.
Hyperlipidaemia (only nicotinic acid): 1.5 to 6g daily in two to four divided doses with or after meals.
Hartnup disease: 50 to 200mg daily in divided doses.
Schedule of Vit B3C1Storage Requirements for Vit B3Store at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree CEffects of Missed Dosage of Vit B3Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Vit B3Provide supportive measures and symptomatic treatmentVit B2
About Vit B2N/AMechanism of Action of Vit B2Riboflavin exerts it`s action by influencing metabolic reactions. Riboflavin functions in the forms of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) which are coenzymes for flavoproteins involved in many oxidation-reduction reactions. Both FMN and FAD play a vital metabolic role in numerous tissue respiration systems. Riboflavin also directly involves in maintaining erythrocyte integrity.Pharmacokinets of Vit B2Absorption: Well absorbed orally; bioavailability increases when administer along with food.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the tissues and limited amount is stored in the liver, spleen, kidneys, and heart. It crosses the placenta and also secreted in to the breast milk.
Metabolism: Phosphorylated in the intestine, liver and other tissues to FMN and metabolized in to FAD the liver.
Excretion: Larger doses are excreted unchanged in urine.
Onset of Action for Vit B2N/ADuration of Action for Vit B2N/AHalf Life of Vit B266 to 84 minutesSide Effects of Vit B21. Bright yellow urine with higher dosesContra-indications of Vit B2No known contraindications.Special Precautions while taking Vit B2N/APregnancy Related InformationMay be usedOld Age Related InformationMay be usedBreast Feeding Related InformationMay be usedChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Vit B21. Ariboflavinosis
2. Arteriosclerosis
3. Hypertension
4. Obesity
5. Diabetis
6. Cholepathy
7. Glossitis
8. Stomatitis
9. Dermatitis of trunk and extremities
10. Other riboflavin deficiency symptoms
Interactions for Vit B2Oral contraceptive:Dose of Riboflavin may need to be increased
Propantheline Bromide:Delays absorption rate of Riboflavin
Typical Dosage for Vit B2Oral:
Adults: 20 to 40mg three times daily or depending up on the severity.
Children: 20mg daily.
Riboflavin deficiency:
Adults and children over 12 years: 5 to 30mg/day depending up on the severity .
Children (below 12years): 3 to 10mg/day depending up on the severity.
Schedule of Vit B2C1Storage Requirements for Vit B2Store in a well closed container; in a cool place and protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B2Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the doseEffects of Overdose of Vit B2Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Folic Acid
About Folic AcidDietary supplement, Folate derivative( B9 ), Water Soluble Vitamin.Mechanism of Action of Folic AcidFolic acid reduced by enzymes folate reductase and dihydrofolate reductase and forms dihydrofolic acid tetrahydrofolic acid respectively. Tetrahydrofolic acid acts as a coenzyme which mediates a number of one carbon transfer reactions by carrying a methyl group as an adduct. It involves a number of reactions such as 1).conversion of homocysteine to methionine. 2).synthesis of thymidylate which is an essential constituent of DNA from methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 3). Conversion of serine to glycine by tetrahydrofolic acid and forms methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 4).to introduce carbon units at position 2 and 8 during de novo purine synthesis requires formyl-tetrahydrofolic acid and methenyl-tetrahydrofolic acid.5).generation and utilization of "formate pool". 6).For mediating formino group transfer in histidine metabolism. Folic acid is required to maintain normal erythropoiesis and nucleoprotein synthesis.Pharmacokinets of Folic AcidAbsorption: Well absorbed orally
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body and highest concentration is seen in liver. It appears in the CSF and breast milk
Metabolism: Metabolized in to N-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid in liver
Excretion: Extra drug is excreted unchanged in urine. A small portion of folate is lost by a combination of urinary and fecal excretion and oxidative cleavage of molecule.
Onset of Action for Folic AcidOral: 20 to 30minutes
I.V.: 5 minutes
I.M.:10 to 20minutes
Duration of Action for Folic AcidOral: 3 to 6 hours
I.V.:3 to 6minutes
I.M.:3 to 6hours
Half Life of Folic AcidN/ASide Effects of Folic AcidN/AContra-indications of Folic AcidN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Folic Acid1. In patients with undiagnosed anaemia; because it may mask pernicious anaemia
2. In pernicious anaemia and other megaloblastic where vitamin B12 is deficient
Pregnancy Related InformationMay be usedOld Age Related InformationMay be usedBreast Feeding Related InformationMay be usedChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Folic Acid1. Megaloblastic anaemia
2. Folic acid deficiency
3. Anaemias of pregnancy
4. Nutritional anaemia
5. Alcoholism
6. Tropical sprue
7. Non tropical sprue
Interactions for Folic Acid1. Hypersensitivity reactions with injection form
2. Bronchospasm
Typical Dosage for Folic AcidOral: 5mg 1 to 4 times daily; depending up on the severity of deficiency.
Maintenance dosage: Half of the therapeutic dosage.
Children: 2.5 to 5mg 1 to 2 times daily.
Schedule of Folic AcidC1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Folic AcidStore at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 25 degree C in a well closed container. Protect from excess heat, light and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of Folic AcidTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of Folic AcidRelatively non toxic. Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Lactobacillus
About LactobacillusLactic acid bacteria, Probiotic,Antidiarrhoeal.Mechanism of Action of LactobacillusLactobacillus is a probiotic and it is called as friendly bacteria. It is used along with antibiotic in order to restore the body`s natural microbial flora with in the digestive tract. Lactobacillus helps in the breakdown of food and leads to the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and other byproducts. This will alter the intestinal pH and that make the environment hostile for pathogens.Pharmacokinets of LactobacillusAbsorption: It is orally well absorbed after oral administration.
Onset of Action for LactobacillusN/ADuration of Action for LactobacillusN/AHalf Life of LactobacillusN/ASide Effects of Lactobacillus1.Abdominal discomfort
2.Vaginal irritation (when used vaginally)
Contra-indications of Lactobacillus1.Recent bowel surgery
2.Intestinal damage
3.Weakened immune system
Special Precautions while taking LactobacillusPatient on Inulin treatmentPregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with caution
NEONATES: Use with cautionIndications for Lactobacillus1.Aphthous stomatitis
2.Hypochlorhydria
3.Hepatic encephalopathy
4.Adjuvant to antibiotic therapy
5.Diarrhoea.Interactions for LactobacillusN/ATypical Dosage for LactobacillusAdult: 60 - 150 million spores 3 times daily depending on the severity of infections.
Vaginal bacterial infections: 1- 2 billion bacteria 2 - 3 times daily
Suppositories:
Vaginal infections, cystitis: 1 - 2 suppositories are inserted in to vagina at night for 2 weeks. Each suppository contains 1 - 2 billion lactobacilli
Schedule of LactobacillusN/AStorage Requirements for LactobacillusRefrigerate below 5 degree C.Effects of Missed Dosage of LactobacillusN/AEffects of Overdose of LactobacillusGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatmentHome Delivery for Vit B3 + Vit B2 + Folic acid + Lactobacillus in Your City
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