Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid Pharmacology

Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

About Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Mechanism of Action of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Pharmacokinets of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Onset of Action for Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Duration of Action for Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Half Life of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Side Effects of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Contra-indications of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Special Precautions while taking Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Interactions for Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Typical Dosage for Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Schedule of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Storage Requirements for Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Effects of Overdose of Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate + Boric acid

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Phenylephrine

About Phenylephrine

An a1-adrenergic receptor agonist, Phenethylamine derivative, Decongestant, Antiglaucoma, Mydriatic.

Mechanism of Action of Phenylephrine

The drug exerts it`s pharmacological action by acting as a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist. It causes vasoconstriction and increases total peripheral resistance and raises blood pressure. It reduces intraocular tension by constricting ciliary body blood vessels and produce mydriasis (without cycloplegia). It exerts nasal decongestant action; by vasoconstrictory action on arterioles of nasal mucosa. It prolongs and localizes the action of anaesthetics due to it`s vasoconstrictory action on skin, mucous membrane, and viscera and thus slows the rate of absorption of local anaesthetics.

Pharmacokinets of Phenylephrine

Absorption: Variable depending up on the route of administration. Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver and intestine.

Onset of Action for Phenylephrine

Nasal: Rapid
Ophthalmic: Rapid
I.V.: Rapid
I.M.: Within 15 minutes

Duration of Action for Phenylephrine

Nasal: ? to 4 hours
Ophthalmic: 3 to 7 hours
I.V.: 15 to 20 minutes
I.M.: ? to 2 hours.

Half Life of Phenylephrine

N/A

Side Effects of Phenylephrine

1.Bradycardia
2.Arrhythmias
3.Hypertension
4.Tachycardia
5.Palpitations
6.Premature ventricular contractions
7.Pallor
8.Headache
9.Dizziness
10.Nervousness
11.Brow ache(with ophthalmic form)
12.Burning or stinging in eye
13.Blurred vision
14.Elevated intraocular pressure
15.Nausea
16.Episodes of asthma
17.Tachyphylaxis
18.Anaphylaxis

Contra-indications of Phenylephrine

1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Hyperthyroidism
3.Ventricular tachycardia and severe hypertension (Injected form)
4.Angle closure glaucoma and in those who wear soft contact lenses(ophthalmic form)

Special Precautions while taking Phenylephrine

1.Coronary diseases
2.Advanced arteriosclerosis
3.Bradycardia
4.Partial heart block
5.Myocardial diseases
6.Atherosclerosis
7.Hypertension
8.Nasal and ophthalmic form use cautiously in type-1 diabetes mellitus

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution
Below age 6:contraindicated

Indications for Phenylephrine

1.Hypotension
2.Paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia
3.Maintain blood pressure during spinal and inhalation anaesthesia
4.Prolongation of spinal anaesthesia
5.Shock
6.Mydriasis(without cycloplegia)
7.Nasal congestion.
8.Cataract

Interactions for Phenylephrine

May interact with systemically administered MAOIs.

Typical Dosage for Phenylephrine

I.M. or S.C.: 2 to 5mg. Then if required; give doses up to 10mg.
Slow I.V. injection: 0.1 to 0.5mg. Then if required; repeat after 15 minutes.
I.V. infusion: Starts with 0.18mg/minute. Then adjust the dosage up to 0.03 to 0.06mg/minute based on patient`s response.
Nasal congestion: Apply 2 to 3 drops or 1 to 2 sprays of 0.25% to 1% solution instilled in each nostril.
Mydriasis (without cycloplegia): Instill 1 to 2drops 2.5% or 10% solution in eye. Repeated if required.
Prolongation of spinal anaesthesia: 2 to 5mg added to anaesthetic solution.

Schedule of Phenylephrine

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Storage Requirements for Phenylephrine

Store at controlled room temperature at range of 15 to 30 degree C. in a well closed container. Protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Phenylephrine

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Phenylephrine

Discontinue the drug and give supportive and symptomatic treatment. Closely monitor vital signs. Use atropine sulfate to block reflex Bradycardia. Treat excessive hypertension with phentolamine. Treat cardiac arrhythmia with propranolol. Treat excessive mydriatic effect with levodopa.

Chlorpheniramine Maleate

About Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Mechanism of Action of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Pharmacokinets of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Onset of Action for Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Duration of Action for Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Half Life of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Side Effects of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Contra-indications of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

First Generation alkylamine H1 Antagonist, Antihistamine.

Special Precautions while taking Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Interactions for Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Typical Dosage for Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Schedule of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Storage Requirements for Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Effects of Overdose of Chlorpheniramine Maleate

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Boric acid

About Boric acid

A weak acid, as mild antibiotic against fungal or bacterial infection, An eye wash to cleanse or irrigate the eyes, antiseptic and emulsifier.

Mechanism of Action of Boric acid

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Pharmacokinets of Boric acid

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Onset of Action for Boric acid

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Duration of Action for Boric acid

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Half Life of Boric acid

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Side Effects of Boric acid

1.Decreased vision
2.Redness of the eye

Contra-indications of Boric acid

1.Hypersensitivity to Boric acid

Special Precautions while taking Boric acid

1.Hypertension
2.Blood vessel disease
3.Allergic to any medicine
4.Contact lenses
5.Open sores in or near the eyes
6.Do not use on damaged or broken skin

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution
Below 3 years:Contraindicated

Indications for Boric acid

1.As an irrigation solution to cleanse and treat irritated eyes

Interactions for Boric acid

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Typical Dosage for Boric acid

As directed by the physician
Apply boric acid eye solution with the aid of an eyecup. Fill the eyecup halfway with the solution, press tightly to the wide open eye, and tilt head back. Move the eyeball around to ensure full contact with the solution. Avoid contamination of the rim and inside of the eyecup by rinsing it with clean water immediately before and after each use.

Schedule of Boric acid

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Storage Requirements for Boric acid

Store medicine away from heat and direct light. Keep out of the reach of children.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Boric acid

It is usually only used when needed for irritated eyes. Missing a dose is usually not harmful.

Effects of Overdose of Boric acid

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

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